Department Environment, Hygiene and Sensor Technology, Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics IBP, Fraunhoferstraße 10, 83626, Valley, Germany; Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Department Environment, Hygiene and Sensor Technology, Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics IBP, Fraunhoferstraße 10, 83626, Valley, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2021 Oct;280:130657. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130657. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
A requirement of the Construction Products Regulation (CPR) in the European Union states that construction works must be designed in such a way that throughout their entire life cycle, they have no exceedingly high environmental impact. The objective of the current work was to simulate the leaching of selected metals and sulfate in vertical test panels (VTPs) covered by plaster and mortar. The investigation is based on 18-month leaching outdoor tests (LOT) under real weather conditions. A leaching model was developed using the geochemical model PHREEQC with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) thermodynamic data base and coupled with MATLAB in order to optimize the run-off and weather parameters. The model was calibrated by comparing the data from laboratory Dynamic Surface Leaching Tests (DSLT) with simulation results up to an acceptable fit. The parameters obtained were then used in the LOT simulations and validated. The model allows predictions on the substance discharge from various plasters and mortars under real weather conditions. Physical characteristics of the material (e.g., thickness and absorption capacity) play an important role in the leaching of substances in façades covered with plaster and mortar. The lower the thickness and absorption capacity of the material applied, the greater the run-off and discharge of leached substances.
欧盟《建筑产品法规》（CPR）要求建筑工程的设计方式应确保在整个生命周期内，不会对环境造成过高的影响。本研究的目的是模拟石膏和灰泥覆盖的垂直测试板（VTP）中选定金属和硫酸盐的浸出情况。该研究基于在实际天气条件下进行的为期 18 个月的户外浸出试验（LOT）。使用带有劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室（LLNL）热力学数据库的地球化学模型 PHREEQC 开发了浸出模型，并与 MATLAB 耦合，以优化径流量和天气参数。通过将实验室动态表面浸出试验（DSLT）的数据与模拟结果进行比较，直到达到可接受的拟合度，从而对模型进行校准。然后，将获得的参数用于 LOT 模拟并进行验证。该模型可用于预测各种石膏和灰泥在实际天气条件下的物质排放量。材料的物理特性（例如厚度和吸收能力）对面层覆盖的石膏和灰泥中物质的浸出起着重要作用。应用材料的厚度和吸收能力越低，浸出物质的径流量和排放量就越大。
