Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Exerc Immunol Rev. 2021;27:42-53.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disease, which results from lipid accumulation in the blood vessel wall, forming a plaque, and ultimately restricting blood flow. The immune system plays a vital role in progression to plaque rupture. While recent evidence clearly indicates the anti-inflammatory function of regular exercise, the mechanisms by which regular exercise can modulate its pathophysiology is not well understood. In this review, we discuss how regular exercise can lower systemic inflammation directly via modulation of the immune system or indirectly via altered myokine concentrations and metabolites. We describe the exercise-induced responses of various myokines (such as IL-6, adiponectin, and FGF21), and how cell function in the innate immune system can be modulated via regular exercise, with the aim to modulate plaque formation in atherosclerosis.
动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎症性心血管疾病，其发生是由于血液中脂质在血管壁内堆积，形成斑块，最终导致血流受限。免疫系统在斑块破裂的进展中起着至关重要的作用。虽然最近的证据清楚地表明了有规律的运动具有抗炎作用，但有规律的运动调节其病理生理学的机制尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了有规律的运动如何通过调节免疫系统直接降低全身炎症，或通过改变肌肽浓度和代谢物间接降低全身炎症。我们描述了各种肌肽（如 IL-6、脂联素和 FGF21）的运动诱导反应，以及有规律的运动如何调节固有免疫系统中的细胞功能，目的是调节动脉粥样硬化中的斑块形成。
