Yin Meng-Ting, Guo Liang
Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
School of Exercise and Health and Collaborative Innovation Center for Sports and Public Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Aug 11;13:1598794. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1598794. eCollection 2025.
Atherosclerosis represents a complex interplay of inflammatory and metabolic processes, in which oxidative stress, endothelial inflammation, the phenotypic transition of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and the conversion of macrophages into foam cells are involved. In contrast to pharmacological interventions, exercise emerges as a viable, cost-effective, and low-risk strategy to alleviate the progression of atherosclerosis. Exercise exerts beneficial effects on atherosclerosis through modulation of diverse pathways, including exerkines, browning of adipose tissue, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), metabolites, gut microbiota, cell death pathways, microRNAs, nervous system, and immune function. The beneficial impacts of exercise on atherosclerosis and the mechanisms behind them will be examined here. Fully understanding the effects and mechanisms of exercise in reducing atherosclerosis might open doors to developing safe and effective interventions.
动脉粥样硬化代表了炎症和代谢过程的复杂相互作用，其中涉及氧化应激、内皮炎症、平滑肌细胞（SMC）的表型转变以及巨噬细胞向泡沫细胞的转化。与药物干预不同，运动成为一种可行、经济高效且低风险的缓解动脉粥样硬化进展的策略。运动通过调节多种途径对动脉粥样硬化产生有益影响，这些途径包括运动因子、脂肪组织褐变、肾素 - 血管紧张素系统（RAS）、代谢产物、肠道微生物群、细胞死亡途径、微小RNA、神经系统和免疫功能。本文将探讨运动对动脉粥样硬化的有益影响及其背后的机制。充分了解运动在减轻动脉粥样硬化方面的作用和机制可能为开发安全有效的干预措施打开大门。
