Department of Social Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2021 Oct;60(4):1350-1378. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12455. Epub 2021 May 9.
Migration elicits mixed reactions from the host-society. Negative responses towards migrants seem to emerge when migrants are perceived as culturally different. We investigated when and why perceived cultural distance (PCD) is associated with negative migrant attitudes by focussing on differences in cultural values. We expected that PCD in social values (focus on relationships and society) should be more strongly associated with attitudes towards migrants than personal values (individual needs and gains) and should be mediated by symbolic threat. In two quasi-experimental studies (N = 200, N = 668) with Dutch participants (host-society), we simultaneously tested effects of respondents' perception of Dutch values, their perceptions of migrant values (of Moroccan, Syrian, Polish ethnic origin), and PCD between Dutch-migrant value on attitudes. For all migrant groups, PCD in social values was associated with more negative attitudes, less tolerance, and less policy support regarding migrants; this was mediated by symbolic threat. These links were weaker for personal values.
移民引发了宿主社会的复杂反应。当移民被认为在文化上存在差异时，似乎会出现对移民的负面反应。我们通过关注文化价值观的差异，研究了何时以及为什么感知到的文化距离（PCD）与对移民的负面态度有关。我们预计，在社会价值观（关注人际关系和社会）方面的 PCD 与对移民的态度的相关性应该强于个人价值观（个人需求和收益），并且应该受到象征性威胁的中介。在两项具有荷兰参与者（宿主社会）的准实验研究（N=200，N=668）中，我们同时测试了受访者对荷兰价值观的看法、他们对移民价值观（摩洛哥、叙利亚、波兰族裔）的看法以及荷兰-移民价值观之间的 PCD 对态度的影响。对于所有移民群体，社会价值观方面的 PCD 与更负面的态度、更少的宽容以及对移民的政策支持减少有关；这是由象征性威胁介导的。对于个人价值观来说，这些联系较弱。
