Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 22;12:671966. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.671966. eCollection 2021.
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) reside in both mucosal and non-mucosal tissues and play critical roles in the first line of defense against parasites and irritants such as allergens. Upon activation by cytokines released from epithelial and stromal cells during tissue damage or stimulation, ILC2s produce copious amounts of IL-5 and IL-13, leading to type 2 inflammation. Over the past 10 years, ILC2 involvement in a variety of human diseases has been unveiled. However, questions remain as to the fate of ILC2s after activation and how that might impact their role in chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma and fibrosis. Here, we review studies that have revealed novel properties of post-activation ILC2s including the generation of immunological memory, exhausted-like phenotype, transdifferentiation and activation-induced migration.
2 型固有淋巴细胞（ILC2s）存在于黏膜和非黏膜组织中，在抵御寄生虫和过敏原等刺激物的第一道防线中发挥关键作用。在组织损伤或刺激时，上皮细胞和基质细胞释放的细胞因子激活 ILC2s 后，ILC2s 会大量产生 IL-5 和 IL-13，导致 2 型炎症。在过去的 10 年中，ILC2 参与各种人类疾病的研究已经取得了一定的进展。然而，人们对于 ILC2 激活后的命运以及这可能如何影响它们在哮喘和纤维化等慢性炎症性疾病中的作用仍存在疑问。在这里，我们回顾了一些研究，这些研究揭示了激活后 ILC2 的新特性，包括免疫记忆的产生、耗竭样表型、转分化和激活诱导的迁移。
