Eslimi Esfahani Delaram, Zarrindast Mohammad Reza
Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2021 Spring;14(2):95-107.
Acute and chronic failure in liver function may give rise to cognitive and non-cognitive impairments in the brain, namely hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Liver diseases may cause cholestasis, which is defined as the impaired secretion of bile. It is characterized by the accumulation of substances in plasma that are normally excreted in bile such as bile acids. Cholestasis can lead to hepatic encephalopathy. Several investigations have indicated that HE induces several symptoms, such as the impairment of learning and memory, anxiolytic-like behaviors, alterations in sleep pattern, and tremors. It has been reported that after HE, all classical neurotransmitter systems such as opioidergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic, GABAergic, adrenergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic systems can be altered. This review focuses on cholestasis, hepatic encephalopathy, and behavioral disorders.
急慢性肝功能衰竭可能导致大脑出现认知和非认知障碍，即肝性脑病（HE）。肝脏疾病可能导致胆汁淤积，胆汁淤积的定义是胆汁分泌受损。其特征是血浆中通常经胆汁排泄的物质（如胆汁酸）积聚。胆汁淤积可导致肝性脑病。多项研究表明，肝性脑病会引发多种症状，如学习和记忆障碍、抗焦虑样行为、睡眠模式改变以及震颤。据报道，肝性脑病发生后，所有经典神经递质系统，如阿片肽能、多巴胺能、胆碱能、γ-氨基丁酸能、肾上腺素能、血清素能和谷氨酸能系统都会发生改变。本综述聚焦于胆汁淤积、肝性脑病和行为障碍。
