Chilakamarry Chaitanya Reddy, Mahmood Syed, Saffe Siti Nadiah Binti Mohd, Arifin Mohd Azmir Bin, Gupta Arun, Sikkandar Mohamed Yacin, Begum S Sabarunisha, Narasaiah Boya
Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
3 Biotech. 2021 May;11(5):220. doi: 10.1007/s13205-021-02734-7. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
Over recent years, keratin has gained great popularity due to its exceptional biocompatible and biodegradable nature. It has shown promising results in various industries like poultry, textile, agriculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical. Keratin is a multipurpose biopolymer that has been used in the production of fibrous composites, and with necessary modifications, it can be developed into gels, films, nanoparticles, and microparticles. Its stability against enzymatic degradation and unique biocompatibility has found their way into biomedical applications and regenerative medicine. This review discusses the structure of keratin, its classification and its properties. It also covers various methods by which keratin is extracted like chemical hydrolysis, enzymatic and microbial treatment, dissolution in ionic liquids, microwave irradiation, steam explosion technique, and thermal hydrolysis or superheated process. Special emphasis is placed on its utilisation in the form of hydrogels, films, fibres, sponges, and scaffolds in various biotechnological and industrial sectors. The present review can be noteworthy for the researchers working on natural protein and related usage.
近年来，角蛋白因其卓越的生物相容性和可生物降解性而广受欢迎。它在禽类、纺织、农业、化妆品和制药等各个行业都显示出了令人期待的成果。角蛋白是一种多功能生物聚合物，已被用于生产纤维复合材料，经过必要的改性后，它可以被制成凝胶、薄膜、纳米颗粒和微粒。其对酶降解的稳定性和独特的生物相容性已在生物医学应用和再生医学中得到应用。本综述讨论了角蛋白的结构、分类及其性质。它还涵盖了提取角蛋白的各种方法，如化学水解、酶解和微生物处理、在离子液体中的溶解、微波辐射、蒸汽爆破技术以及热水解或过热过程。特别强调了其在各种生物技术和工业领域中以水凝胶、薄膜、纤维、海绵和支架等形式的应用。本综述对于从事天然蛋白质及其相关用途研究的人员可能具有重要意义。
