Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Sport and Human Performance Research Group, Collegiate Crescent, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2021 May 10;16(5):e0251266. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251266. eCollection 2021.
The aim of this study was to quantify typical training load and periodisation practices of MMA athletes. MMA competitors (n = 14; age = 22.4 ± 4.4 years; body mass = 71.3 ± 7.7 kg; stature = 171 ±9.9 cm) were observed during training for 8 consecutive weeks without intervention. Seven athletes were training for competitive bouts whilst the remaining 7 were not. Daily training duration, intensity (RPE), load (sRPE and segRPE), fatigue (short questionnaire of fatigue) and body region soreness (CR10 scale) were recorded. Using Bayesian analyses (BF10≥3), data demonstrate that training duration (weekly mean range = 3.9-5.3 hours), sRPE (weekly mean range = 1,287-1,791 AU), strain (weekly mean range = 1,143-1,819 AU), monotony (weekly mean range = 0.63-0.83 AU), fatigue (weekly mean range = 16-20 AU) and soreness did not change within or between weeks. Between weeks monotony (2.3 ± 0.7 AU) supported little variance in weekly training load. There were no differences in any variable between participants who competed and those who did not with the except of the final week before the bout, where an abrupt step taper occurred leading to no between group differences in fatigue. Training intensity distribution corresponding to high, moderate and low was 20, 33 and 47%, respectively. Striking drills accounted for the largest portion of weekly training time (20-32%), with MMA sparring the least (2-7%). Only striking sparring and wrestling sparring displayed statistical weekly differences in duration or load. Athletes reported MMA sparring and wrestling sparring as high intensity (RPE≥7), BJJ sparring, striking sparring and wrestling drills as moderate intensity (RPE 5-6), and striking drills and BJJ drills as low intensity (RPE≤4). We conclude that periodisation of training load was largely absent in this cohort of MMA athletes, as is the case within and between weekly microcycles.
本研究旨在量化 MMA 运动员的典型训练负荷和周期化实践。观察了 14 名 MMA 运动员(年龄=22.4±4.4 岁;体重=71.3±7.7 公斤;身高=171±9.9 厘米)在连续 8 周的训练期间,未进行干预。其中 7 名运动员正在为比赛进行训练,而其余 7 名运动员则没有。每天记录训练持续时间、强度(RPE)、负荷(sRPE 和 segRPE)、疲劳(简短疲劳问卷)和身体区域酸痛(CR10 量表)。使用贝叶斯分析(BF10≥3),数据表明训练持续时间(每周平均范围=3.9-5.3 小时)、sRPE(每周平均范围=1287-1791 AU)、应变(每周平均范围=1143-1819 AU)、单调(每周平均范围=0.63-0.83 AU)、疲劳(每周平均范围=16-20 AU)和酸痛在每周内或周间均未发生变化。每周单调(2.3±0.7 AU)仅支持每周训练负荷的少量变化。在参赛和不参赛的参与者之间,除了比赛前的最后一周发生突然的训练量减少导致疲劳无组间差异外,没有任何变量存在差异。训练强度分布对应高、中、低分别为 20%、33%和 47%。打击训练占每周训练时间的最大部分(20-32%),MMA 对练最少(2-7%)。只有打击对练和摔跤对练在持续时间或负荷方面显示出每周的统计学差异。运动员报告 MMA 对练和摔跤对练为高强度(RPE≥7),BJJ 对练、打击对练和摔跤训练为中强度(RPE 5-6),打击训练和 BJJ 训练为低强度(RPE≤4)。我们得出结论,在这个 MMA 运动员队列中,训练负荷的周期性变化基本上不存在,这与每周微周期内和之间的情况一样。