Population Studies Division, Environmental Health Science & Research Bureau, Health Canada, Canada; University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Environ Res. 2021 Jul;198:111284. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111284. Epub 2021 May 8.
Exposure to ambient air pollution is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality from lung and heart disease.
Does short term exposure to ambient air pollution influence COVID-19 related mortality?
Using time series analyses we tested the association between daily changes in air pollution measured by stationary monitors in and around Santiago, Chile and deaths from laboratory confirmed or suspected COVID-19 between March 16 and August 31, 2020. Results were adjusted for temporal trends, temperature and humidity, and stratified by age and sex.
There were 10,069 COVID-19 related deaths of which 7659 were laboratory confirmed. Using distributed lags, the cumulative relative risk (RR) (95% CI) of mortality for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in CO, NO and PM were 1.061 (1.033-1.089), 1.067 (1.023-1.103) and 1.058 (1.034-1.082), respectively There were no significant differences in RR by sex.. In those at least 85 years old, an IQR increase in NO was associated with a 12.7% (95% CI 4.2-22.2) increase in daily mortality.
This study provides evidence that daily increases in air pollution increase the risk of dying from COVID-19, especially in the elderly.
暴露于环境空气污染是肺部和心脏疾病发病率和死亡率的一个风险因素。
短期暴露于环境空气污染是否会影响与 COVID-19 相关的死亡率？
使用时间序列分析，我们测试了在智利圣地亚哥及其周边地区的固定监测站测量的空气污染的每日变化与 2020 年 3 月 16 日至 8 月 31 日期间实验室确诊或疑似 COVID-19 死亡之间的关联。结果经过时间趋势、温度和湿度调整，并按年龄和性别分层。
有 10069 例与 COVID-19 相关的死亡，其中 7659 例为实验室确诊。使用分布式滞后，CO、NO 和 PM 的四分位距增加时的累积相对风险（RR）（95%CI）分别为 1.061（1.033-1.089）、1.067（1.023-1.103）和 1.058（1.034-1.082）。性别之间的 RR 没有显著差异。在至少 85 岁的人群中，NO 的四分位距增加与每日死亡率增加 12.7%（95%CI 4.2-22.2）相关。
本研究提供了证据表明，空气污染的每日增加会增加死于 COVID-19 的风险，尤其是在老年人中。
