Department of Agribusiness Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Capão do Leão, Federal University of Pelotas, s/n, e-mail box: 354, Pelotas/RS, 96010900, Brazil.
Department of Agribusiness Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Capão do Leão, Federal University of Pelotas, s/n, e-mail box: 354, Pelotas/RS, 96010900, Brazil.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Aug 1;291:112698. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112698. Epub 2021 May 7.
Seed germination tests have been widely used in recent years to indicate the toxicity levels of samples of organic compounds, biosolids, residues and effluents. Lactuca sativa L, commonly known as lettuce, has been one of the main indicative species for these tests due to its high sensitivity to low levels of toxicity, when compared to other seeds and also because it is cultivated worldwide. Although this type of analysis or essay is being widely used, it is necessary to reflect on the various adaptations of methods used by different researchers worldwide. This work presents an innovative methodology that makes it possible to compare the different phytotoxicity methods currently used in the world, through four stages that include the coefficient of variation (CV) as the main classification criterion, also counting on an eliminatory criterion. The existence of a significant difference (P value < 0.05) between the evaluated tests was proven. The phytotoxicity test that presented the lowest CV was T8 (test with lettuce seeds at 25 °C, 60 min agitation, resting overnight, 5 mL of sample on the plate, 90 mm size plate). It has concluded that not all adaptations of this type of test are reliable. It has also concluded that there is a lack of standardization for the phytotoxicity test on a global scale, which makes the various researchers in the field end up promoting variations, adaptations for the phytotoxicity test; therefore, there is an urgent need for ways to compare these variations, as the innovation proposed by this work. With a single standard methodology, we conclude that it will make it possible to compare phytotoxicity in samples directly between countries and continents, being able to generate a worldwide panorama of phytotoxicity, publicizing and comparing the standardized phytotoxicity levels in each region.
近年来，种子发芽试验已广泛用于指示有机化合物、生物固体、残留物和废水样品的毒性水平。生菜（Lactuca sativa L）通常被称为生菜，由于其对低水平毒性的高敏感性，与其他种子相比，并且由于它在全球范围内种植，因此一直是这些试验的主要指示物种之一。虽然这种类型的分析或论文被广泛使用，但有必要反映世界各地不同研究人员使用的方法的各种适应性。这项工作提出了一种创新的方法，通过包括变异系数（CV）作为主要分类标准的四个阶段，使比较世界上目前使用的不同植物毒性方法成为可能，同时还计数了一个淘汰标准。证明了评估试验之间存在显著差异（P 值<0.05）。T8（在 25°C 下用生菜种子进行的测试，60 分钟搅拌，隔夜休息，在平板上使用 5mL 样品，平板尺寸为 90mm）的植物毒性测试呈现出最低的 CV。得出的结论是，并非所有此类测试的适应性都是可靠的。还得出的结论是，全球范围内没有对植物毒性测试进行标准化，这使得该领域的各种研究人员最终促进了变化，对植物毒性测试进行了适应性调整；因此，迫切需要比较这些变化的方法，就像这项工作提出的创新一样。通过单一的标准方法，我们得出的结论是，它将能够直接在国家和大洲之间比较样品中的植物毒性，能够生成全球植物毒性全景，宣传和比较每个地区的标准化植物毒性水平。
