Advanced Human Resource Development Project Group for Health Care in Aging Friendly Industry, Dongseo University, Busan, Korea.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Seoul North Municipal Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Aug;48(8):968-977. doi: 10.1111/joor.13181. Epub 2021 Jun 12.
Chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) exercise has been recently reported to be a new therapeutic exercise method that can help improve swallowing function in patients with dysphagia. However, due to the differences in exercise protocols, methods and the tools used across studies of CTAR exercise, an overall systematic review of these studies is necessary.
The present study investigated the exercise protocols, methods and tools used in various studies of CTAR exercise and summarised their findings.
We searched for studies related to CTAR exercise using electronic databases and selected nine articles for review. The articles were categorised on the basis of four criteria: study design and quality, training protocol, outcome measures and clinical effect.
Four articles reported that CTAR exercise not only helped activate the suprahyoid muscle in healthy adults, but also activated the sternocleidomastoid muscle less than Shaker exercise. In addition, five articles reported that CTAR exercise was effective in improving swallowing function and oral diet stage in the pharyngeal phase, including reduction of airway aspiration in patients with dysphagia after stroke.
CTAR exercise more selectively activates the suprahyoid muscle and is an effective therapeutic exercise for improving swallowing function in patients with dysphagia. Because it is less strenuous than Shaker exercise, it requires less physical burden and effort, allowing greater compliance.
颏压抵抗（CTAR）运动最近被报道为一种新的治疗性运动方法，可帮助改善吞咽困难患者的吞咽功能。然而，由于 CTAR 运动研究中运动方案、方法和使用的工具存在差异，有必要对这些研究进行全面的系统评价。
本研究调查了 CTAR 运动各项研究中使用的运动方案、方法和工具，并总结了它们的发现。
我们使用电子数据库搜索与 CTAR 运动相关的研究，并选择了 9 篇文章进行综述。这些文章根据以下四个标准进行分类：研究设计和质量、训练方案、结果测量和临床效果。
有 4 篇文章报道称，CTAR 运动不仅有助于激活健康成年人的舌骨上肌群，而且比 Shaker 运动激活胸锁乳突肌的程度更小。此外，有 5 篇文章报道称，CTAR 运动对改善吞咽功能和口咽期的口腔饮食阶段有效，包括减少中风后吞咽困难患者的气道吸入。
CTAR 运动更有选择性地激活舌骨上肌群，是改善吞咽困难患者吞咽功能的有效治疗性运动。由于它比 Shaker 运动的强度小，因此需要的身体负担和努力较小，患者的依从性更好。
