Mansueto Giovanni, Faravelli Carlo
Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy.
Stress Health. 2022 Feb;38(1):19-30. doi: 10.1002/smi.3067. Epub 2021 May 18.
There is evidence that stressful events are associated with psychosis. This study aimed to explore sex differences in the association between stressful life events occurring during childhood and adulthood and psychosis. A total of 78 psychotic patients and 156 controls were enrolled. Childhood adversities were evaluated using a validated semi-structured interview and the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire. Recent life events were recorded using a semi-structured interview with a normative and contextual approach. The diagnosis of psychosis was made according to Jablensky's criteria. χ and t-test statistical analyses were run. Odds ratios were calculated in logistic regression. People with psychosis reported more exposure to both childhood adversities and recent events than the general population. An excess of childhood physical abuse was found among male psychotic patients, whereas both childhood sexual abuse and recent life events were overrepresented among female patients in comparison with the general population. There was a cumulative effect of stressful life events on psychosis, although it was stronger among females than in males. It is likely that there are gender differences in the association between stressful life events and psychosis.
有证据表明应激事件与精神病有关。本研究旨在探讨儿童期和成年期发生的应激性生活事件与精神病之间关联的性别差异。共招募了78名精神病患者和156名对照者。使用经过验证的半结构式访谈和儿童期照料与虐待经历问卷对儿童期逆境进行评估。通过采用规范和情境化方法的半结构式访谈记录近期生活事件。根据雅布伦斯基标准进行精神病诊断。进行χ检验和t检验统计分析。在逻辑回归中计算比值比。与普通人群相比，精神病患者报告的儿童期逆境和近期事件暴露更多。在男性精神病患者中发现儿童期身体虐待过多，而与普通人群相比，女性患者中儿童期性虐待和近期生活事件的比例过高。应激性生活事件对精神病有累积效应，尽管在女性中比在男性中更强。应激性生活事件与精神病之间的关联可能存在性别差异。
