Karpova Natalia, Shagdarova Balzhima, Lunkov Alexey, Il'ina Alla, Varlamov Valery
Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave, Moscow, Russia, 119071.
Biotechnol Lett. 2021 Aug;43(8):1565-1574. doi: 10.1007/s10529-021-03138-6. Epub 2021 May 11.
In the present work, a positive effect was obtained by using low molecular weight chitosan compounds in combination with synthetic fungicides. Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, determined by the radial growth method, was more than 75%, with a 25 × 10 g/L concentration of fludioxonil or difenoconazole in compounds. Metabolic activity of B. cinerea fungus was about 15% when using a chitosan compound containing fludioxonil at a concentration of 25 × 10 g/L. The combined action of chitosan with difenoconazole at a fungicide concentration of 25 × 10 g/L is 2-3 times more effective than the action of each component separately. Results of studies for artificially inoculated B. cinerea tomato fruit when treated with low molecular chitosan and chitosan conjugate with gallic acid reduced the frequency of rotting fruit by 50 and 83%, respectively. Chitosan-gallic acid conjugate were obtained from chitosans with Mw of 28 kDa (Ch28GA) was proved to be effective as a preventive treatment for 3 days and can potentially be used as a biofungicide against B. cinerea on tomatoes in the post-harvest period.
在本研究中，通过将低分子量壳聚糖化合物与合成杀菌剂联合使用获得了积极效果。采用径向生长法测定，对灰葡萄孢的抑菌活性超过75%，化合物中咯菌腈或苯醚甲环唑的浓度为25×10 g/L。当使用浓度为25×10 g/L的含咯菌腈壳聚糖化合物时，灰葡萄孢真菌的代谢活性约为15%。壳聚糖与浓度为25×10 g/L的苯醚甲环唑联合作用的效果比各组分单独作用高2至3倍。用低分子壳聚糖和壳聚糖与没食子酸的共轭物处理人工接种灰葡萄孢的番茄果实的研究结果表明，腐烂果实的发生率分别降低了50%和83%。由分子量为28 kDa的壳聚糖制备的壳聚糖-没食子酸共轭物（Ch28GA）被证明作为预防性处理3天有效，并且有可能用作采后期番茄上防治灰葡萄孢的生物杀菌剂。
