Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
J Leukoc Biol. 2021 Aug;110(2):271-281. doi: 10.1002/JLB.1MR0321-660R. Epub 2021 May 11.
Recent accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that the intricate interaction between gut microbiota and the immune system profoundly affects health and disease in humans and mice. In this context, microbiota plays an important role in educating and shaping the host immune system which, in turn, regulates gut microbiota diversity and function to maintain homeostasis. Studies have demonstrated that intestinal microbiota participates in shaping B cells in health and disease settings. Herein, we review the recent progress in understanding how microbiota regulates B-cell development, focusing on early-life B-cell repertoire generation in GALT and how microbial products, including microbial antigens and metabolites, affect B-cell activation and differentiation to ultimately regulate B-cell function. We also discuss the interaction between gut microbiota and B cells under pathogenic conditions and highlight new approaches that can be applied to treat various diseases.
最近越来越多的证据支持这样一种假设，即肠道微生物群与免疫系统之间的复杂相互作用深刻地影响着人类和小鼠的健康和疾病。在这种情况下，微生物群在教育和塑造宿主免疫系统方面发挥着重要作用，而宿主免疫系统反过来又调节肠道微生物群的多样性和功能以维持体内平衡。研究表明，肠道微生物群参与了在健康和疾病环境下塑造 B 细胞的过程。在此，我们综述了近年来在理解微生物群如何调节 B 细胞发育方面的最新进展，重点介绍了 GALT 中早期 B 细胞库的生成，以及微生物产物（包括微生物抗原和代谢物）如何影响 B 细胞的激活和分化，最终调节 B 细胞的功能。我们还讨论了在致病条件下肠道微生物群与 B 细胞之间的相互作用，并强调了可应用于治疗各种疾病的新方法。
