Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Nat Commun. 2021 May 11;12(1):2691. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23018-x.
How innate and adaptive immune responses work in concert to resolve influenza disease is yet to be fully investigated in one single study. Here, we utilize longitudinal samples from patients hospitalized with acute influenza to understand these immune responses. We report the dynamics of 18 important immune parameters, related to clinical, genetic and virological factors, in influenza patients across different severity levels. Influenza disease correlates with increases in IL-6/IL-8/MIP-1α/β cytokines and lower antibody responses. Robust activation of circulating T follicular helper cells correlates with peak antibody-secreting cells and influenza heamaglutinin-specific memory B-cell numbers, which phenotypically differs from vaccination-induced B-cell responses. Numbers of influenza-specific CD8 or CD4 T cells increase early in disease and retain an activated phenotype during patient recovery. We report the characterisation of immune cellular networks underlying recovery from influenza infection which are highly relevant to other infectious diseases.
先天免疫和适应性免疫如何协同作用以解决流感疾病，这在一项单一的研究中尚未得到充分的研究。在这里，我们利用因急性流感住院的患者的纵向样本，来了解这些免疫反应。我们报告了与临床、遗传和病毒学因素相关的 18 种重要免疫参数在不同严重程度的流感患者中的动态变化。流感疾病与白细胞介素 6/8/巨噬细胞炎性蛋白 1α/β 细胞因子的增加和抗体反应的降低有关。循环滤泡辅助 T 细胞的强烈激活与峰值抗体分泌细胞和流感血凝素特异性记忆 B 细胞数量相关，其表型与疫苗诱导的 B 细胞反应不同。流感特异性 CD8 或 CD4 T 细胞数量在疾病早期增加，并在患者康复期间保持激活表型。我们报告了流感感染恢复过程中免疫细胞网络的特征，这与其他传染病高度相关。
