Czerniawska Mirosława, Szydło Joanna
Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021 May 3;14:511-527. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S299720. eCollection 2021.
The research presents empirical data concerning the relations between personal traits and value system. The study focuses on empathy, agreeableness, directiveness, Machiavellism as personality traits. Theoretical assumptions and empirical findings are analyzed and interpreted in the context of cognitive framework, including the idea of regulative function self-concept. A content compatibility hypothesis between personality traits and one's system of value was accepted as preliminary assumption for this research: empathy and agreeableness positively correlate with allocentric values, whereas directiveness and Machiavellism positively correlate with idiocentric values. The study group consisted of 325 students.
The Empathic Understanding of Others Questionnaire (Węgliński), Personality Inventory NEO-FFI (Costa and McCrae) Directiveness Scale (Ray) and Mach V Scale (Christie and Geis) were used.
The value system of empathic and agreeable people reveals an allocentric orientation (tendency to abandon one's own perspective), while the value system of directive and Machiavellian people reveals an idiocentric orientation (focused on oneself).
The data analysis revealed that subjects tend to organize their self-knowledge in such a way that there is a content consistency between the information included in the appropriate schemas of personality traits and value preference.
本研究呈现了关于个人特质与价值体系之间关系的实证数据。该研究聚焦于同理心、宜人性、支配性、马基雅维利主义等人格特质。在认知框架的背景下，包括调节功能自我概念的理念，对理论假设和实证结果进行了分析和解释。人格特质与个人价值体系之间的内容兼容性假设被接受为本研究的初步假设：同理心和宜人性与以他人为中心的价值观呈正相关，而支配性和马基雅维利主义与以自我为中心的价值观呈正相关。研究对象为325名学生。
使用了他人共情理解问卷（韦格林斯基）、大五人格问卷NEO-FFI（科斯塔和麦克雷）、支配性量表（雷）和马基雅维利量表V（克里斯蒂和盖斯）。
具有同理心和宜人性的人的价值体系呈现出以他人为中心的取向（倾向于放弃自己的观点），而具有支配性和马基雅维利主义的人的价值体系呈现出以自我为中心的取向（关注自己）。
数据分析表明，受试者倾向于以这样一种方式组织他们的自我认知，即人格特质的适当图式中包含的信息与价值偏好之间存在内容一致性。
