Suppr超能文献

抑制HEG1与KRIT1的相互作用可增加内皮细胞中KLF4和KLF2的表达。

Inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction increases KLF4 and KLF2 expression in endothelial cells.

作者信息

Lopez-Ramirez Miguel Alejandro, McCurdy Sara, Li Wenqing, Haynes Mark K, Hale Preston, Francisco Karol, Oukoloff Killian, Bautista Matthew, Choi Chelsea H J, Sun Hao, Gongol Brendan, Shyy John Y, Ballatore Carlo, Sklar Larry A, Gingras Alexandre R

机构信息

Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA.

Department of Pharmacology University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA.

出版信息

FASEB Bioadv. 2021 Feb 18;3(5):334-355. doi: 10.1096/fba.2020-00141. eCollection 2021 May.

Abstract

The transmembrane protein heart of glass1 (HEG1) directly binds to and recruits Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1) to endothelial junctions to form the HEG1-KRIT1 protein complex that establishes and maintains junctional integrity. Genetic inactivation or knockdown of endothelial HEG1 or KRIT1 leads to the upregulation of transcription factors Krüppel-like factors 4 and 2 (KLF4 and KLF2), which are implicated in endothelial vascular homeostasis; however, the effect of acute inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction remains incompletely understood. Here, we report a high-throughput screening assay and molecular design of a small-molecule HEG1-KRIT1 inhibitor to uncover acute changes in signaling pathways downstream of the HEG1-KRIT1 protein complex disruption. The small-molecule HEG1-KRIT1 inhibitor 2 (HKi2) was demonstrated to be a bona fide inhibitor of the interaction between HEG1 and KRIT1 proteins, by competing orthosterically with HEG1 through covalent reversible interactions with the FERM (4.1, ezrin, radixin, and moesin) domain of KRIT1. The crystal structure of HKi2 bound to KRIT1 FERM revealed that it occupies the same binding pocket on KRIT1 as the HEG1 cytoplasmic tail. In human endothelial cells (ECs), acute inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction by HKi2 increased KLF4 and KLF2 mRNA and protein levels, whereas a structurally similar inactive compound failed to do so. In zebrafish, HKi2 induced expression of klf2a in arterial and venous endothelium. Furthermore, genome-wide RNA transcriptome analysis of HKi2-treated ECs under static conditions revealed that, in addition to elevating KLF4 and KLF2 expression, inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction mimics many of the transcriptional effects of laminar blood flow. Furthermore, HKi2-treated ECs also triggered Akt signaling in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner, as blocking PI3K activity blunted the Akt phosphorylation induced by HKi2. Finally, using an in vitro colocalization assay, we show that HKi6, an improved derivative of HKi2 with higher affinity for KRIT1, significantly impedes recruitment of KRIT1 to mitochondria-localized HEG1 in CHO cells, indicating a direct inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction. Thus, our results demonstrate that early events of the acute inhibition of HEG1-KRIT1 interaction with HKi small-molecule inhibitors lead to: (i) elevated and gene expression; and (ii) increased Akt phosphorylation. Thus, HKi's provide new pharmacologic tools to study acute inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 protein complex and may provide insights to dissect early signaling events that regulate vascular homeostasis.

摘要

跨膜蛋白玻璃之心1(HEG1)直接结合并招募Krev相互作用捕获蛋白1(KRIT1)至内皮细胞连接处以形成HEG1-KRIT1蛋白复合物,该复合物建立并维持连接完整性。内皮细胞HEG1或KRIT1的基因失活或敲低导致转录因子Krüppel样因子4和2(KLF4和KLF2)上调,这与内皮血管稳态有关;然而,急性抑制HEG1-KRIT1相互作用的影响仍未完全了解。在此,我们报告了一种高通量筛选测定法以及一种小分子HEG1-KRIT1抑制剂的分子设计,以揭示HEG1-KRIT1蛋白复合物破坏下游信号通路的急性变化。小分子HEG1-KRIT1抑制剂2(HKi2)被证明是HEG1与KRIT1蛋白之间相互作用的真正抑制剂,它通过与KRIT1的FERM(4.1、埃兹蛋白、根蛋白和膜突蛋白)结构域进行共价可逆相互作用,与HEG1进行正构竞争。与KRIT1 FERM结合的HKi2的晶体结构表明,它在KRIT1上占据与HEG1细胞质尾巴相同的结合口袋。在人内皮细胞(ECs)中,HKi2对HEG1-KRIT1相互作用的急性抑制增加了KLF4和KLF2的mRNA及蛋白水平,而一种结构相似的无活性化合物则无此作用。在斑马鱼中,HKi2诱导动脉和静脉内皮中klf2a的表达。此外,对静态条件下HKi2处理的ECs进行全基因组RNA转录组分析发现,除了提高KLF4和KLF2的表达外,抑制HEG1-KRIT1相互作用模拟了层流的许多转录效应。此外,HKi2处理的ECs还以磷酸肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)依赖的方式触发Akt信号传导,因为阻断PI3K活性可减弱HKi2诱导的Akt磷酸化。最后,使用体外共定位测定法,我们表明HKi6是HKi2对KRIT1具有更高亲和力的改进衍生物,它显著阻碍了KRIT1在CHO细胞中募集至线粒体定位的HEG1,表明对HEG1-KRIT1相互作用有直接抑制作用。因此,我们的结果表明,用HKi小分子抑制剂急性抑制HEG1-KRIT1相互作用的早期事件导致:(i) 和 基因表达升高;以及(ii)Akt磷酸化增加。因此,HKi提供了新的药理学工具来研究对HEG1-KRIT1蛋白复合物的急性抑制,并可能为剖析调节血管稳态的早期信号事件提供见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/15e2/8103725/015c33bfc67f/FBA2-3-334-g005.jpg

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验