Tuberculosis Unit, South-East Asia Regional Office, WHO, New Delhi, India.
Global TB Programme, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2021 May 1;25(5):382-387. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0941.
In September 2018, all countries made a commitment at the first ever United Nations High-Level Meeting (UNHLM) on TB, to provide TB preventive treatment (TPT) to at least 30 million people at high-risk of TB disease between 2018 and 2022. In the WHO South-East Asia Region (SEA Region), which accounts for 44% of the global TB burden, only 1.2 million high-risk individuals (household contacts and people living with HIV) were provided TPT (11% of the 10.8 million regional UNHLM TPT target) in 2018 and 2019. By 2020, almost all 11 countries of the SEA Region had revised their policies on TPT target groups and criteria to assess TPT eligibility, and had adopted at least one shorter TPT regimen recommended in the latest WHO TPT guidelines. The major challenges for TPT scale-up in the SEA Region are resource shortages, knowledge and service delivery/uptake gaps among providers and service recipients, and the lack of adequate quantities of rifapentine for use in shorter TPT regimens. There are several regional opportunities to address these gaps and countries of the SEA Region must make use of these opportunities to scale up TPT services rapidly to reduce the TB burden in the SEA Region.
2018 年 9 月，各国在第一届联合国结核病问题高级别会议（UNHLM）上承诺，在 2018 年至 2022 年期间，为至少 3000 万结核病高危人群提供结核预防性治疗（TPT）。在占全球结核病负担 44%的世卫组织东南亚区域（SEA 区域），2018 年和 2019 年，仅有 120 万高危人群（家庭接触者和艾滋病毒感染者）接受了 TPT（占区域内 1080 万 UNHLM TPT 目标的 11%）。到 2020 年，东南亚区域的 11 个国家几乎都修订了 TPT 目标人群和评估 TPT 资格的标准政策，并采用了最新世卫组织 TPT 指南中推荐的至少一种较短的 TPT 方案。在东南亚区域扩大 TPT 规模的主要挑战是资源短缺、提供者和服务接受者之间的知识和服务提供/利用率差距，以及短程 TPT 方案中利福平的数量不足。该区域有几个机会可以解决这些差距，东南亚区域的国家必须利用这些机会迅速扩大 TPT 服务，以减轻该区域的结核病负担。
