IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
Ecol Lett. 2021 Aug;24(8):1594-1606. doi: 10.1111/ele.13770. Epub 2021 May 12.
Ecological stability is a multidimensional construct. Investigating multiple stability dimensions is key to understand how ecosystems respond to disturbance. Here, we evaluated the single and combined effects of common agricultural stressors (insecticide, herbicide and nutrients) on four dimensions of stability (resistance, resilience, recovery and invariability) and on the overall dimensionality of stability (DS) using the results of a freshwater mesocosm experiment. Functional recovery and resilience to pesticides were enhanced in nutrient-enriched systems, whereas compositional recovery was generally not achieved. Pesticides did not affect compositional DS, whereas functional DS was significantly increased by the insecticide only in non-enriched systems. Stressor interactions acted non-additively on single stability dimensions as well as on functional DS. Moreover we demonstrate that pesticides can modify the correlation between functional and compositional aspects of stability. Our study shows that different disturbance types, and their interactions, require specific management actions to promote ecosystem stability.
生态稳定性是一个多维结构。研究多个稳定性维度是理解生态系统如何应对干扰的关键。在这里，我们使用淡水中型生态系统实验的结果，评估了常见农业胁迫因素（杀虫剂、除草剂和养分）对四个稳定性维度（抵抗力、恢复力、恢复力和不变性）以及稳定性整体维度（DS）的单一和综合影响。在富营养化系统中，功能恢复和对杀虫剂的恢复力增强，而组成恢复通常无法实现。杀虫剂对组成 DS 没有影响，而仅在非富营养化系统中，昆虫剂会显著增加功能 DS。胁迫因子相互作用对单一稳定性维度以及功能 DS 具有非加性作用。此外，我们证明杀虫剂可以改变功能和组成稳定性之间的相关性。我们的研究表明，不同的干扰类型及其相互作用需要特定的管理措施来促进生态系统的稳定性。
