Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O.Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 12;11(1):10101. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89557-x.
Ocimum cufodontii ((Lanza) A.J.Paton) has been traditionally used in Ethiopia against bacteria. The extracts of the leaves and roots of O. cufodontii after silica gel column chromatography furnished compounds 1-5, compounds 3 and 4 are new natural products. The oil from the hydro-distillation of the leaves, after analyzed with GC-MS, has led to the identification of β-caryophyllene as a principal component, suggesting the essential oil as medicine and spices to enhance the taste of food. The constituents of O. cufodontii were assessed for their antibacterial activity against E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. typhymurium and S. aureus. The best activity was displayed against S. aureus by the hexane extract of the roots, compound 4, and the essential oil with an inhibition zone of 17, 15, and 19 mm, respectively. Molecular docking analysis revealed that compound 1 has better docking efficiency and forms hydrophobic interactions with five amino acids (ARG192, PHE196, GLU185, GLU193, and LYS189). This suggests that the compounds may act as potential inhibitors of DNA gyrase. The constituents were also assessed for their antioxidant activities using DPPH, ferric thicyanate and ferric reducing power assay. The hexane extracts of the roots inhibited the DPPH radical and peroxide formation by 90.5 and 83%, respectively, suggesting the potential of the extract as an antioxidant. Furthermore, the hexane extract of the roots of O. cufodontii exhibited the maximum reducing power compared with the EtOAc and methanol extracts. Hence, the activity displayed herein indicated as the plant has great potential as a remedy for diseases caused by bacteria and radicals.
宽叶山梗菜（(Lanza) A.J.Paton）在埃塞俄比亚传统上被用于治疗细菌感染。经硅胶柱层析分离，该植物的叶和根提取物得到化合物 1-5，其中化合物 3 和 4 为新的天然产物。经 GC-MS 分析，叶的水蒸馏油的主要成分为β-石竹烯，表明该精油可作为药物和香料，以增强食物的味道。评估了宽叶山梗菜的化学成分的抗菌活性，包括对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用。根的正己烷提取物、化合物 4 和精油对金黄色葡萄球菌的活性最强，抑菌圈直径分别为 17、15 和 19 毫米。分子对接分析表明，化合物 1 具有更好的对接效率，并与五个氨基酸（ARG192、PHE196、GLU185、GLU193 和 LYS189）形成疏水相互作用。这表明这些化合物可能作为 DNA 拓扑异构酶的潜在抑制剂。还使用 DPPH、铁氰化钾和铁还原力测定法评估了成分的抗氧化活性。根的正己烷提取物对 DPPH 自由基和过氧化物的抑制率分别为 90.5%和 83%，表明提取物具有抗氧化潜力。此外，与乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物相比，根的正己烷提取物表现出最大的还原能力。因此，该植物的活性表明其具有作为治疗由细菌和自由基引起的疾病的潜在用途。
