University of California, Riverside, USA.
University of Zaragoza and AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Sep 10;786:147415. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147415. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
Depletion of groundwater aquifers along with all of the associated quality and quantity problems which affect profitability of direct agricultural and urban users and linked groundwater-ecosystems have been recognized globally. During recent years, attention has been devoted to land subsidence-the loss of land elevation that occurs in areas with certain geological characteristics associated with aquifer exploitation. Despite the large socioeconomic impacts of land subsidence most of these effects are still not well analyzed and not properly recognized and quantified globally. In this paper we developed a land subsidence impact extent (LSIE) index that is based on 10 land subsidence attributes, and applied it to 113 sites located around the world with reported land subsidence effects. We used statistical means to map physical, human, and policy variables to the regions affected by land subsidence and quantified their impact on the index. Our main findings suggest that LSIE increases between 0.1 and 6.5% by changes in natural processes, regulatory policy interventions, and groundwater usage, while holding all other variables unchanged. Effectiveness of regulatory policy interventions varies depending on the lithology of the aquifer system, in particular its stiffness. Our findings suggest also that developing countries are more prone to land subsidence due to lower performance of their existing water governance and institutions.
地下水层的枯竭以及所有与之相关的质量和数量问题，这些问题影响了直接农业和城市用户以及相关地下水生态系统的盈利能力，在全球范围内都得到了认识。近年来，人们开始关注地面沉降——在与含水层开采相关的某些地质特征的地区发生的土地高程损失。尽管地面沉降对社会经济的影响很大，但其中大多数影响仍未得到很好的分析，在全球范围内也没有得到适当的认识和量化。在本文中，我们开发了一个基于 10 个地面沉降属性的地面沉降影响程度（LSIE）指数，并将其应用于全球 113 个有地面沉降报告的地点。我们使用统计方法将物理、人为和政策变量映射到受地面沉降影响的地区，并量化了它们对该指数的影响。我们的主要发现表明，在其他所有变量保持不变的情况下，LSIE 会因自然过程、监管政策干预和地下水使用的变化而增加 0.1%至 6.5%。监管政策干预的有效性取决于含水层系统的岩性，特别是其刚度。我们的研究结果还表明，由于现有水资源管理和机构的表现较差，发展中国家更容易发生地面沉降。
