Matos Alexis Galeno, Sarquis Ingrid Cavalcante, Santos Alana Andrade Neiva, Cabral Leonardo Pereira
Oftalmologia, Fundação Leiria de Andrade, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Medicina do Trabalho, Associação Cearense de Medicina do Trabalho, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2021 Apr 30;19(1):82-87. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2021-598.
The current pandemic of severe acute respiratory symptom coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a major impact on individuals' lives. Social isolation and the use of personal protective equipment - the latter being especially important for health care workers - emerged as two of the main methods of preventing the spread of the disease. The eye can represent a source of transmission through contaminated tears, as well as a source of infection for respiratory droplets or aerosol particles, which may come into contact with the ocular surface and migrate to the lungs and other parts of the body.
To investigate the risk of ocular transmission through a literature review and identify ways of preventing it.
A search of the scientific literature was conducted in the PubMed and Cochrane databases, using a combination of the following keywords: "COVID-19," "eye," "personal protective equipment," "SARS-CoV-2," "protective goggles," "face shields," and "workers' health."
The mechanisms of ocular transmission have not been fully elucidated, but studies have demonstrated the presence of viral RNA in the conjunctival sac and aerosolized secretions of contaminated patients; these droplets may come into contact with the eyes of uninfected bystanders, entering the respiratory system through the nose and gaining access to the lungs.
Studies show that the virus can be effectively transmitted through the eyes, underscoring the importance of protective goggles for health care workers or potential transmitters of the virus, in addition to the need for additional education measures to encourage hand hygiene and discourage touching of the eyes.
当前严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行对个人生活产生了重大影响。社交隔离和使用个人防护装备——后者对医护人员尤为重要——成为预防疾病传播的两种主要方法。眼睛可能是通过受污染的眼泪传播的源头，也是呼吸道飞沫或气溶胶颗粒的感染源，这些飞沫或颗粒可能接触眼表并迁移至肺部和身体其他部位。
通过文献综述调查眼部传播的风险并确定预防方法。
在PubMed和Cochrane数据库中检索科学文献，使用以下关键词组合：“COVID-19”、“眼睛”、“个人防护装备”、“SARS-CoV-2”、“防护眼镜”、“面罩”和“工作人员健康”。
眼部传播机制尚未完全阐明，但研究已证实在受污染患者的结膜囊和气溶胶分泌物中存在病毒RNA；这些飞沫可能接触未感染旁观者的眼睛，通过鼻子进入呼吸系统并进入肺部。
研究表明病毒可通过眼睛有效传播，这突出了防护眼镜对医护人员或病毒潜在传播者的重要性，此外还需要采取额外的教育措施，鼓励手部卫生并避免触摸眼睛。
