Wang Lei, Situ Sujian, Rainey Jeanette J, He Bin, Su Xiaoge, Moolenaar Ronald L, Cui Ying
Health Communication Center (National 12320 Health Hotline Management Office), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, China.
Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
BMC Public Health. 2021 May 14;21(1):921. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10648-5.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global healthcare problem, including in China where high rates of resistance to common bacterial infections have been documented. In 2016, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) in China established a comprehensive strategic plan to increase awareness about AMR through education programs.
We conducted an online survey to assess changes in public knowledge, awareness and practices related to AMR in China since 2016. The survey was administered using China's national and provincial level 12320 Health Hotline Weibo (micro-blog site) and WeChat (text messaging service) social media accounts from April 12, 2019 to May 7, 2019. All persons ≥16 years of age able to read Chinese were eligible to participate.
A total of 2773 respondents completed the survey. Of the 2633 respondents indicating recent use of antibiotics, 84% (2223) reported obtaining their course of antibiotics from a hospital or pharmacy, 9% (246) of respondents reported using antibiotics saved from a previous prescription or treatment course, and 42% (1115) of respondents reported that they had stopped taking antibiotics as soon as they started feeling better. Most respondents correctly indicated that antibiotics can effectively treat urinary tract infections (86% [2388]) and skin infections (76% [2119]), but many incorrectly indicated that antibiotics can also treat viral infections such as measles (32% [889]) or a cold or flu (26% [726]). Of all respondents, 95% (2634) had heard of 'antibiotic resistance'. Almost half (47% [1315]) reported using antibiotics within the last 6 months.
While awareness of AMR was high in this survey of social media users in China, inappropriate antibiotic use remains common, including the believe that antibiotics can effectively treat viral infections. Multiple interventions targeting the correct use of antibiotics and information on the cause AMR are likely needed. The 12320 Health Hotline provides a platform for conducting routine surveys to monitor antibiotic use and knowledge about AMR.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是一个全球性的医疗保健问题，在中国也存在，已有文献记载对常见细菌感染的高耐药率。2016年，中国国家卫生和计划生育委员会（NHFPC）制定了一项全面战略计划，通过教育项目提高对AMR的认识。
我们开展了一项在线调查，以评估自2016年以来中国公众在与AMR相关的知识、意识和行为方面的变化。该调查于2019年4月12日至2019年5月7日通过中国国家及省级12320健康热线的微博（微博网站）和微信（短信服务）社交媒体账号进行。所有年龄≥16岁、能阅读中文的人均有资格参与。
共有2773名受访者完成了调查。在2633名表示近期使用过抗生素的受访者中，84%（2223人）报告其抗生素疗程是从医院或药店获取的，9%（246人）的受访者报告使用了之前处方或治疗疗程中剩余的抗生素，42%（1115人）的受访者报告他们一旦感觉好转就停止服用抗生素。大多数受访者正确指出抗生素可有效治疗尿路感染（86%[2388人]）和皮肤感染（76%[2119人]），但许多人错误地指出抗生素也可治疗病毒感染，如麻疹（32%[889人]）或感冒或流感（26%[726人]）。在所有受访者中，95%（2634人）听说过“抗生素耐药性”。近一半（47%[1315人]）报告在过去6个月内使用过抗生素。
在中国社交媒体用户的这项调查中，虽然对AMR的认识较高，但不恰当使用抗生素的情况仍然普遍，包括认为抗生素可有效治疗病毒感染。可能需要针对正确使用抗生素以及AMR成因的信息进行多种干预。12320健康热线为开展常规调查以监测抗生素使用情况和AMR知识提供了一个平台。
