From the Department of Ophthalmology, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center (S.P., A.G.); Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami (S.P., A.G.).
Department of Natural Sciences, Health, and Wellness, Miami Dade College (C.K.), Miami, Florida, USA.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Oct;230:243-255. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.04.035. Epub 2021 May 12.
Studies have implicated temperature and humidity in the pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis (AC), as these conditions facilitate air particulate and aeroallergen dispersion and tear film instability. Research also suggests that variation in temperature is associated with risk of asthma, but similar data are limited for AC. This study examined associations between several meteorologic conditions, including temperature variation, and AC visit risk.
Retrospective, case-crossover study.
Data on individuals diagnosed with AC (via International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Edition [ICD-9]) at a Veterans Affairs clinic from January 2010-December 2013 was extracted. Local climate data were obtained from the National Climactic Data Center. Utilizing a case-crossover design, all cases were assigned a random control date 90-250 days prior to diagnosis. Daily time-lagged exposures were computed for 30-day lags. The associations between temperature, temperature variation (standard deviation [SD] of temperature), relative humidity (RH), and temperature-RH interaction with visit risk were examined via multivariate logistic regression models both at the national level and across domestic climate regions.
Overall, 74,951 subjects made 116,162 visits for AC. Prevalence was highest in spring (>10% April-May) in the Northeast (NE) and Southeast (SE) (>15%), and lowest in winter (<6.1% December-February) in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) (<5%). AC visit risk was positively associated with temperature (OR 1.028, P < .001), SD of temperature (OR 1.054, P < .01), and temperature-RH interaction (OR 1.0003, P < .01), whereas it was negatively associated with RH (OR 0.998, P < .001). Regionally, the PNW, NE, and Lower Midwest (LMW) accounted for the strongest associations.
Temperature, temperature variation, and RH associated with AC visit risk. Observed associations were strongest in northern regions, like the PNW.
研究表明温度和湿度与过敏性结膜炎（AC）的发病机制有关，因为这些条件有利于空气颗粒和过敏原的传播以及泪膜不稳定。研究还表明，温度的变化与哮喘的风险有关，但类似的数据对于 AC 来说是有限的。本研究检查了几种气象条件（包括温度变化）与 AC 就诊风险之间的关联。
回顾性病例交叉研究。
从 2010 年 1 月至 2013 年 12 月，从退伍军人事务诊所诊断出患有 AC（通过国际疾病分类第 9 版[ICD-9]）的个体的数据被提取出来。当地的气候数据是从国家气候数据中心获得的。利用病例交叉设计，将所有病例随机分配给诊断前 90-250 天的随机对照日期。计算了 30 天滞后的每日时间滞后暴露。通过多元逻辑回归模型，在全国范围内和国内气候区域内，分别检查了温度、温度变化（温度标准差[SD]）、相对湿度（RH）以及温度-RH 相互作用与就诊风险之间的关联。
总体而言，有 74951 名患者进行了 116162 次 AC 就诊。东北地区（NE）和东南部（SE）的发病率最高（>10%，四月至五月），超过 15%，而太平洋西北地区（PNW）的发病率最低（<6.1%，十二月至二月），低于 5%。AC 就诊风险与温度呈正相关（OR 1.028，P<.001），与温度 SD 呈正相关（OR 1.054，P<.01），与温度-RH 相互作用呈正相关（OR 1.0003，P<.01），而与 RH 呈负相关（OR 0.998，P<.001）。在区域上，PNW、NE 和下中西部（LMW）的关联最强。
温度、温度变化和 RH 与 AC 就诊风险相关。在像 PNW 这样的北部地区，观察到的关联最强。
