Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, Guangdong, China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Apr 12;17(7):1682-1692. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.56251. eCollection 2021.
N-methyladenosine (mA) is one of the most widespread and highly conserved chemical modifications in cellular RNAs of eukaryotic genomes. Owing to the development of high-throughput mA sequencing, the functions and mechanisms of mA modification in development and diseases have been revealed. Recent studies have shown that RNA mA methylation plays a critical role in skeletal muscle development, which regulates myoblast proliferation and differentiation, and muscle regeneration. Exploration of the functions of mA modification and its regulators provides a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle development. In the present review, we aim to summarize recent breakthroughs concerning the global landscape of mA modification in mammals and examine the biological functions and mechanisms of enzymes regulating mA RNA methylation. We describe the interplay between mA and other epigenetic modifications and highlight the regulatory roles of mA in development, especially that of skeletal muscle. mA and its regulators are expected to be targets for the treatment of human muscle-related diseases and novel epigenetic markers for animal breeding in meat production.
N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）是真核生物基因组细胞 RNA 中分布最广泛、高度保守的化学修饰之一。由于高通量 m6A 测序技术的发展，m6A 修饰在发育和疾病中的功能和机制已经被揭示。最近的研究表明，RNA m6A 甲基化在骨骼肌发育中起着关键作用，它调节成肌细胞的增殖和分化以及肌肉再生。探索 m6A 修饰及其调控因子的功能为深入了解骨骼肌发育的调控机制提供了依据。在本综述中，我们旨在总结哺乳动物中 m6A 修饰的全局图谱的最新突破，并研究调控 m6A RNA 甲基化的酶的生物学功能和机制。我们描述了 m6A 与其他表观遗传修饰之间的相互作用，并强调了 m6A 在发育，特别是骨骼肌发育中的调控作用。m6A 及其调控因子有望成为人类肌肉相关疾病治疗的靶点，也有望成为动物肉质生产中新型的表观遗传标记。
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