Brehm Bettina, Schill Judith, Rauh Reinhold, Fleischhaker Christian, Biscaldi Monica
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 30;12:604851. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.604851. eCollection 2021.
While several recent evaluation studies have shown the efficacy of parent training programs for children with neurodevelopmental disorders, manual-based training in German is still scarce. To address this gap, we developed a specific modularized training program for parents of children from preschool to pre-adolescent age with Autism Spectrum Disorder (FETASS). The overarching purpose of the FETASS intervention is to enhance social communication behavior and quality of life of the child by coaching parents. As a proximal target, the FETASS training aims to provide families with behavior management and communication strategies. The development of the training was influenced by published behavioral parent trainings and autism-specific interventions. The training comprises eight weekly sessions and targets families whose children have a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) without intellectual and language impairments. As a preliminary pilot study, the purpose was to evaluate the acceptability of the training. Furthermore, the study aimed at initially evaluating social communication behavior, quality of life of the child, parental stress level, and parenting after training in comparison to a treatment as usual (TAU) group. Exploratively, long-term effects were investigated after 6 months of training as well. In total, 57 families participated ([TAU] = 29, [FETASS] = 28). Questionnaires about social communication behavior and quality of life of the child, parental stress, and parenting were administered at three time points (t1: baseline TAU/FETASS, t2: post TAU/FETASS; and t3: 6-month follow-up after FETASS). Primary outcome measures were the social communication behavior of the child and the parent's proxy report on quality of life of the child. Secondary outcome measures were changes in parental stress and parenting behavior. Acceptability of the training was very high and we had almost no dropouts during training. Results for the primary outcome measure of social communication behavior, overall quality of life of the child, and long-term effects on social communication behavior were not significant. While long-term findings for parent stress reduction and for the quality of life of the child are promising, further research has to be done in a future randomized controlled trial.
虽然最近的几项评估研究表明了针对神经发育障碍儿童的家长培训项目的有效性，但德语的手册式培训仍然很少。为了填补这一空白，我们为患有自闭症谱系障碍（FETASS）的学龄前至青春期前儿童的家长开发了一个特定的模块化培训项目。FETASS干预的总体目的是通过指导家长来提高孩子的社交沟通行为和生活质量。作为一个近期目标，FETASS培训旨在为家庭提供行为管理和沟通策略。该培训的开发受到已发表的行为家长培训和自闭症特定干预措施的影响。该培训包括八个每周一次的课程，针对其孩子被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）且无智力和语言障碍的家庭。作为一项初步试点研究，目的是评估该培训的可接受性。此外，该研究旨在初步评估与常规治疗（TAU）组相比，培训后的社交沟通行为、孩子的生活质量、家长的压力水平和育儿情况。探索性地，在培训6个月后也对长期效果进行了调查。总共有57个家庭参与（[TAU组]=29个，[FETASS组]=28个）。在三个时间点（t1：TAU/FETASS基线，t2：TAU/FETASS后；t3：FETASS后6个月随访）发放了关于孩子社交沟通行为和生活质量、家长压力和育儿情况的问卷。主要结局指标是孩子的社交沟通行为和家长对孩子生活质量的代理报告。次要结局指标是家长压力和育儿行为的变化。培训的可接受性非常高，培训期间几乎没有退出者。社交沟通行为的主要结局指标、孩子的总体生活质量以及对社交沟通行为的长期影响结果均不显著。虽然在减轻家长压力和孩子生活质量方面的长期研究结果很有希望，但未来还需要在随机对照试验中进行进一步研究。
