Han Mengfei, Jiang Gaofang, Luo Haoshuang, Shao Yongcong
School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
College of Education, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 30;12:626337. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626337. eCollection 2021.
A social network is a web that integrates multiple levels of interindividual social relationships and has direct associations with an individual's health and well-being. Previous research has mainly focused on how brain and social network structures (structural properties) act on each other and on how the brain supports the spread of ideas and behaviors within social networks (functional properties). The structure of the social network is correlated with activity in the amygdala, which links decoding and interpreting social signals and social values. The structure also relies on the mentalizing network, which is central to an individual's ability to infer the mental states of others. Network functional properties depend on multilayer brain-social networks, indicating that information transmission is supported by the default mode system, the valuation system, and the mentalizing system. From the perspective of neuroendocrinology, overwhelming evidence shows that variations in oxytocin, β-endorphin and dopamine receptor genes, including oxytocin receptor (), mu opioid receptor 1 () and dopamine receptor 2 (), predict an individual's social network structure, whereas oxytocin also contributes to improved transmission of emotional and behavioral information from person to person. Overall, previous studies have comprehensively revealed the effects of the brain, endocrine system, and genes on social networks. Future studies are required to determine the effects of cognitive abilities, such as memory, on social networks, the characteristics and neural mechanism of social networks in mental illness and how social networks change over time through the use of longitudinal methods.
社交网络是一个整合了个体间多层次社会关系的网络，并且与个体的健康和幸福有着直接关联。先前的研究主要集中在大脑和社交网络结构（结构特性）如何相互作用，以及大脑如何支持社交网络中思想和行为的传播（功能特性）。社交网络的结构与杏仁核的活动相关，杏仁核负责解码和解释社会信号及社会价值。该结构还依赖于心理理论网络，这对于个体推断他人心理状态的能力至关重要。网络功能特性取决于多层脑 - 社交网络，这表明信息传递由默认模式系统、评估系统和心理理论系统支持。从神经内分泌学的角度来看，大量证据表明，催产素、β - 内啡肽和多巴胺受体基因的变异，包括催产素受体（）、μ阿片受体1（）和多巴胺受体2（），可预测个体的社交网络结构，而催产素也有助于改善人与人之间情感和行为信息的传递。总体而言，先前的研究全面揭示了大脑、内分泌系统和基因对社交网络的影响。未来的研究需要确定认知能力（如记忆）对社交网络的影响、精神疾病中社交网络的特征和神经机制，以及如何通过纵向研究方法了解社交网络随时间的变化。
