Shangguan Fangfang, Wang Ruoxi, Quan Xiao, Zhou Chenhao, Zhang Chen, Qian Wei, Zhou Yongjie, Liu Zhengkui, Zhang Xiang Yang
School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Bejing, China.
School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 30;12:633765. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.633765. eCollection 2021.
Previous systematic review indicated the prevalence of prenatal anxiety as 14-54%. Pregnant women are a high-risk population for COVID-19. However, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and related factors is unknown in Chinese pregnant women during COVID-19 outbreak. To investigate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and the related factors in Chinese pregnant women who were attending crisis intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data of this cross-sectional study were collected in about 2 months (February 28 to April 26, 2020). Data analysis was performed from April to May 2020. Participants completed a set of questionnaires via the Wechat Mini-program before starting the online self-help crisis intervention for COVID-19 epidemic. A total of 2,120 Chinese pregnant women who were attending a self-help crisis intervention participated in this study. A survey was developed to address possible stress-related factors in pregnant women during the COVID-19 outbreak, including demographic, socioeconomic, and pregnancy-related factors, as well as COVID-19 related factors. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale and the 10-item perceived stress scale were, respectively, employed to measure anxiety and stress-related factors. A total of 21.7% (459) of pregnant women reported at least mild anxiety (≥5 on the GAD-7 scale), and only 82 women reported moderate to severe anxiety (≥10 on the GAD-7 scale). Factors associated with at least mild anxiety included living in Hubei province ( = 1.68, = 1.32-2.13), nobody providing everyday life support ( = 1.81, = 1.18-2.77), pelvic pain or vaginal bleeding ( = 1.67, = 1.32-2.09), and higher perceived stress ( = 6.87, = 5.42-9.02). Having relatives or neighbors with a diagnosis of COVID-19 was not associated with anxiety ( > 0.05). Our findings indicate that evaluation and intervention for maternal and infant health are necessary in pregnant women with anxiety during COVID-19 epidemic, especially those with higher perceived stress, less everyday life support, or vaginal bleeding. Interactions among these related medical, social and psychological factors need to be investigated in future studies.
先前的系统评价表明，产前焦虑的患病率为14%-54%。孕妇是感染新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的高危人群。然而，在COVID-19疫情期间，中国孕妇焦虑症状的患病率及相关因素尚不清楚。为了调查在COVID-19大流行期间接受危机干预的中国孕妇焦虑症状的患病率及相关因素。这项横断面研究的数据收集了约2个月（2020年2月28日至4月26日）。数据分析在2020年4月至5月进行。参与者在开始针对COVID-19疫情的在线自助危机干预之前，通过微信小程序完成了一组问卷。共有2120名接受自助危机干预的中国孕妇参与了本研究。开展了一项调查，以探讨COVID-19疫情期间孕妇可能的压力相关因素，包括人口统计学、社会经济和妊娠相关因素，以及与COVID-19相关的因素。分别采用广泛性焦虑障碍7项量表（GAD-7）和10项感知压力量表来测量焦虑和压力相关因素。共有21.7%（459名）孕妇报告至少有轻度焦虑（GAD-7量表得分≥5），只有82名孕妇报告有中度至重度焦虑（GAD-7量表得分≥10）。与至少轻度焦虑相关的因素包括居住在湖北省（β = 1.68，95%CI = 1.32-2.13）、无人提供日常生活支持（β = 1.81，95%CI = 1.18-2.77）、骨盆疼痛或阴道出血（β = 1.67，95%CI = 1.32-2.09）以及更高的感知压力（β = 6.87，95%CI = 5.42-9.02）。亲属或邻居被诊断为COVID-19与焦虑无关（P>0.05）。我们的研究结果表明，在COVID-19疫情期间，对有焦虑症状的孕妇，尤其是那些感知压力较高、日常生活支持较少或有阴道出血的孕妇，进行母婴健康评估和干预是必要的。这些相关的医学、社会和心理因素之间的相互作用需要在未来的研究中进行调查。
