Luo Zheng, Xue Luyao, Ma Li, Liu Zhengkui
Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Oct 18;12:701629. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701629. eCollection 2021.
To identify the prevalence of comorbid anxiety and depression (CAD) and analyze the relationship between CAD and sociodemographic and obstetric-related variables in pregnant and postpartum Chinese women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 2,237 pregnant and postpartum women (aged 19-47 years) who visited various medical institutions in China between February 28, 2020, and April 26, 2020. They were asked to complete an online survey assessing the anxiety and depression, obstetric characteristics, and sociodemographic variables. The women were grouped into the following categories in accordance with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9): (a) CAD, (b) "anxiety only," (c) "depression only," and (d) "no depression or anxiety." After estimating the prevalence of CAD, "anxiety only," and "depression only," we carried out chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the related factors between these groups of pregnant and postpartum Chinese women. Comorbid anxiety and depression, "anxiety only," and "depression only," occurred in 6.3, 5.8, and 3.9% of participants, respectively. The prevalence rates of CAD during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and the postpartum period were found to be 7.4, 6.5, 5.7, and 8.2%, respectively. The factors that differed among the groups were age ( < 0.05), marital status ( < 0.001), level of education ( < 0.05), family support ( < 0.001), and total live births ( < 0.001). "Poor family support" (odds ratio (OR): 1.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-2.78; = 0.0009) and "no birth" (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.32-2.75; = 0.0006) remained significant factors for the CAD group, while "poor family support" (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.34-3.47; = 0.0015) remained a significant factor for the "depression only" group when their results were compared to those of the "no depression or anxiety" group in the multiple logistic regression analysis. Pregnant and postpartum Chinese women with poor family support and primipara are at high risk for CAD during the COVID-19 pandemic. These results support the need for targeted perinatal programs to address CAD in pregnant and postpartum women during the pandemic period.
确定新冠疫情期间中国孕期及产后女性中焦虑抑郁共病（CAD）的患病率，并分析CAD与社会人口学及产科相关变量之间的关系。研究对象为2020年2月28日至2020年4月26日期间在中国多家医疗机构就诊的2237名孕期及产后女性（年龄19 - 47岁）。她们被要求完成一项在线调查，评估焦虑、抑郁、产科特征及社会人口学变量。根据广泛性焦虑障碍量表-7（GAD - 7）和患者健康问卷-9（PHQ - 9），将这些女性分为以下几类：（a）CAD，（b）“仅焦虑”，（c）“仅抑郁”，（d）“无抑郁或焦虑”。在估算CAD、“仅焦虑”和“仅抑郁”的患病率后，我们进行了卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归分析，以研究这些中国孕期及产后女性群体之间的相关因素。CAD、“仅焦虑”和“仅抑郁”分别在6.3%、5.8%和3.9%的参与者中出现。孕期前三个月、孕中期、孕晚期及产后CAD的患病率分别为7.4%、6.5%、5.7%和8.2%。各组之间存在差异的因素包括年龄（<0.05）、婚姻状况（<0.001）、教育程度（<0.05）、家庭支持（<0.001）和活产总数（<0.001）。在多因素逻辑回归分析中，与“无抑郁或焦虑”组相比，“家庭支持差”（比值比（OR）：1.90；95%置信区间（CI）：1.30 - 2.78；P = 0.0009）和“未生育”（OR：1.91；95% CI：1.32 - 2.75；P = 0.0006）仍是CAD组的显著因素，而“家庭支持差”（OR：2.16；95% CI：1.34 - 3.47；P = 0.0015）仍是“仅抑郁”组的显著因素。在新冠疫情期间，家庭支持差的初产妇及中国孕期和产后女性患CAD的风险较高。这些结果支持在疫情期间需要制定针对性的围产期项目来解决孕期及产后女性的CAD问题。
