Wang Kai
Department of Philosophy, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Oriental Languages and Cultures, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 28;12:652465. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.652465. eCollection 2021.
Constructing a self model with universal cultural adaptability is a common concern of cultural psychologists. These models can be divided into two types: one is the self model based on Western culture, represented by the self theory of Marsh, Cooley, Fitts, etc.; the other is the non-self model based on Eastern culture, represented by the Mandela model of Hwang Kwang Kuo and the Taiji model of Zhen Dong Wang. However, these models do not fully explain the self structure and development of Chinese people in the context of Chinese Buddhist culture. Based on the self theory of Chinese Buddhism and inspired by the famous Buddhist work , this article constructs the "one mind, two aspects" self model. This model not only can properly represent the self structure of Chinese people in the context of Chinese Buddhism but also can explain the self-cultivation process and the realm of practice of Chinese Buddhist believers and thus has satisfactory cultural validity.
构建具有普遍文化适应性的自我模型是文化心理学家共同关注的问题。这些模型可分为两类：一类是以西方文化为基础的自我模型，以马什、库利、菲茨等人的自我理论为代表；另一类是以东方文化为基础的非自我模型，以黄光国的曼陀罗模型和王振东的太极模型为代表。然而，这些模型并不能充分解释在中国佛教文化背景下中国人的自我结构和发展。基于中国佛教的自我理论，并受著名佛教著作的启发，本文构建了“一心两面”自我模型。该模型不仅能恰当地表征中国佛教文化背景下中国人的自我结构，还能解释中国佛教信徒的自我修养过程和修行境界，因而具有令人满意的文化效度。
