Wang Feng-Yan, Wang Zhen-Dong, Wang Rou-Jia
Institute of Moral Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jun 21;10:1443. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01443. eCollection 2019.
An important theme in the development of self-psychology is the attempt by scholars to construct a self-model with universal cultural adaptability. Among them, representatives are the tripartite model of self-built by Triandis, the theory of the independent self and interdependent self-proposed by Markus and Kitayama, Yang Kuo-Shu's four-part theory of the Chinese self, Hwang Kwang-Kwo's Mandala model of self, and Shiah Yung-Jong's Non-self-Theory. However, these models have a difficult time explaining the structure and development of the Chinese self in Chinese cultural background. After pondering over Chinese traditional culture and the Chinese self, inspired by the archetype of Taiji diagram, in this paper, we construct the Taiji Model of Self. The Taiji Model of Self can not only properly represent the Chinese self-structure, but also explain the growth course of the Chinese self and four kinds of life realms of Chinese people with satisfactory cultural and ecological validity.
自我心理学发展中的一个重要主题是学者们试图构建一个具有普遍文化适应性的自我模型。其中，代表有特里安迪斯构建的自我三方模型、马库斯和北山提出的独立自我与相互依存自我理论、杨国枢的中国人自我四元论、黄光国的自我曼陀罗模型以及施义忠的无我理论。然而，这些模型在解释中国文化背景下中国人自我的结构与发展时存在困难。在对中国传统文化和中国人自我进行思考后，受太极图原型启发，本文构建了自我太极模型。自我太极模型不仅能恰当地表征中国人的自我结构，还能以令人满意的文化和生态效度解释中国人自我的成长历程以及中国人的四种人生境界。
