Jensen M E, Barrett H L, Peek M J, Gibson P G, Murphy V E
Priority Research Centre Grow Up Well, School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Queensland Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Obstet Med. 2021 Mar;14(1):12-18. doi: 10.1177/1753495X20926799. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Asthma and gestational diabetes mellitus are prevalent during pregnancy and associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The risk of gestational diabetes mellitus is increased with asthma, and more severe asthma; yet, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This review examines existing literature to explore possible links. Asthma and gestational diabetes mellitus are associated with obesity, excess gestational weight gain, altered adipokine levels and low vitamin D levels; yet, it's unclear if these underpin the gestational diabetes mellitus-asthma association. Active antenatal asthma management reportedly mitigates asthma-associated gestational diabetes mellitus risk. However, mechanistic studies are lacking. Existing research suggests asthma management during pregnancy influences gestational diabetes mellitus risk; this may have important implications for future antenatal strategies to improve maternal-fetal outcomes by addressing both conditions. Addressing shared risk factors, as part of antenatal care, may also improve outcomes. Finally, mechanistic studies, to establish the underlying pathophysiology linking asthma and gestational diabetes mellitus, could uncover new treatment approaches to optimise maternal and child health outcomes.
哮喘和妊娠期糖尿病在孕期较为常见，并与不良围产期结局相关。哮喘以及更严重的哮喘会增加妊娠期糖尿病的风险；然而，其潜在机制尚不清楚。本综述通过研究现有文献来探索可能的联系。哮喘和妊娠期糖尿病与肥胖、孕期体重过度增加、脂肪因子水平改变以及维生素D水平低有关；然而尚不清楚这些因素是否是妊娠期糖尿病与哮喘之间关联的基础。据报道，积极的产前哮喘管理可降低与哮喘相关的妊娠期糖尿病风险。然而，缺乏机制性研究。现有研究表明孕期哮喘管理会影响妊娠期糖尿病风险；这可能对未来通过同时解决这两种情况来改善母婴结局的产前策略具有重要意义。作为产前护理的一部分，解决共同的风险因素也可能改善结局。最后，开展机制性研究以确定哮喘与妊娠期糖尿病之间潜在的病理生理学联系，可能会发现优化母婴健康结局的新治疗方法。
