College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 5501, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
J Nutr Sci. 2021 Apr 8;10:e22. doi: 10.1017/jns.2021.17. eCollection 2021.
More than one-third of deaths during the first 5 years of life are attributed to undernutrition, which are mostly preventable through economic development and public health measures. The present study aimed to explore the potential risk factors of undernutrition among children under 5 years of age in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) were used. A total of 974 children under 5 years of age were involved. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used at a 5 % level of significance to determine the individual- and community-level factors associated with childhood undernutrition. The prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight was 46⋅3, 9⋅8 and 28⋅4 %, respectively. About 23⋅1 % of children were both stunting and underweight, 7⋅3 % were both underweight and wasting and 4⋅5 % of children had all three conditions. Among the factors considered in the present study, the age of a child in months, birth weight, mother educational level, sex of household head, sources of drinking water and the type of toilet facility were significantly associated with undernutrition in the Amhara Region. Undernutrition among under-five children was one of the public health problems in the Amhara Region. The potential risk factors should be considered to develop strategies for reducing undernutrition in the Amhara Region. Finally, improving the living standards of the children is important to get better health care, to enhance the child's nutritional status and to reduce child mortality.
在生命的头 5 年中，超过三分之一的死亡归因于营养不良，这些死亡大多可以通过经济发展和公共卫生措施来预防。本研究旨在探讨埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区 5 岁以下儿童营养不良的潜在危险因素。本研究使用了 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查（EDHS）的数据。共有 974 名 5 岁以下儿童参与。采用多变量二元逻辑回归分析，以 5%的显著性水平确定与儿童营养不良相关的个体和社区层面的因素。发育迟缓、消瘦和体重不足的患病率分别为 46.3%、9.8%和 28.4%。约 23.1%的儿童同时存在发育迟缓和体重不足，7.3%的儿童同时存在体重不足和消瘦，4.5%的儿童同时存在这三种情况。在本研究中考虑的因素中，儿童的月龄、出生体重、母亲教育程度、户主性别、饮用水来源和厕所设施类型与阿姆哈拉地区的营养不良显著相关。5 岁以下儿童营养不良是阿姆哈拉地区的公共卫生问题之一。应考虑潜在的危险因素，制定减少阿姆哈拉地区营养不良的战略。最后，提高儿童的生活水平对于获得更好的医疗保健、改善儿童营养状况和降低儿童死亡率非常重要。
