Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.
Center for Public Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.
Front Public Health. 2021 Apr 30;9:646764. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.646764. eCollection 2021.
Before the widespread availability of an effective COVID-19 vaccine, it is crucial to control the rate of transmission by ensuring adherence to behavioral modifications, such as wearing masks, physical distancing, and washing hands, all of which can be implemented as public health measures. Focusing on the conditions in Bali, this study explored the level of compliance to public health measures targeted at COVID-19 and identified the determinants of compliance via the values, rules, and knowledge approach. This cross-sectional study conducted an online survey using the Google Form application from June 29 to July 5, 2020. The minimum required sample size was 664. Inclusion criteria were set as follows: 18 years of age or older and residing in Bali during the data collection period. Adherence was measured based on nine protocol indicators that were rated using a four-point Likert scale. A multiple linear regression analysis was then conducted to determine the associated factors of adherence to public health measures. Of the 954 survey respondents, data from 743 were included for analysis. The average level of adherence to public health measures was 32.59 (range of 20-36). The linear regression analysis showed that perceived health benefits from public health measures, being female, and having COVID-19 test histories were significantly associated with adherence to public health measures. For public health measures targeted at COVID-19, adherence was strongly associated with perceived social norms, in which individuals played social community roles by adapting to standardized public health measures. It is thus imperative for governments to support and monitor public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.
在广泛获得有效的 COVID-19 疫苗之前，通过确保遵守行为改变（例如戴口罩、保持身体距离和勤洗手）来控制传播率至关重要，所有这些都可以作为公共卫生措施实施。本研究着眼于巴厘岛的情况，探讨了针对 COVID-19 的公共卫生措施的遵守程度，并通过价值、规则和知识方法确定了遵守的决定因素。这项横断面研究于 2020 年 6 月 29 日至 7 月 5 日使用 Google Form 应用程序进行了在线调查。所需的最小样本量为 664 人。纳入标准设定为：年龄在 18 岁或以上，在数据收集期间居住在巴厘岛。依从性基于使用四点李克特量表评分的九个方案指标进行测量。然后进行多元线性回归分析，以确定遵守公共卫生措施的相关因素。在 954 名调查受访者中，有 743 人的数据被纳入分析。遵守公共卫生措施的平均水平为 32.59（范围为 20-36）。线性回归分析表明，对公共卫生措施的健康益处的感知、女性和有 COVID-19 检测史与遵守公共卫生措施显著相关。对于针对 COVID-19 的公共卫生措施，遵守与感知的社会规范密切相关，在这种规范中，个人通过适应标准化的公共卫生措施来扮演社会社区角色。因此，政府在 COVID-19 大流行期间支持和监测公共卫生措施至关重要。
