美国大学生运动员严重足部损伤的流行病学
Epidemiology of Severe Foot Injuries in US Collegiate Athletes.
作者信息
Chan Jimmy J, Geller Joseph S, Chen Kevin K, Huang Hsin-Hui, Huntley Samuel R, Vulcano Ettore, Aiyer Amiethab
机构信息
Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
出版信息
Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 Apr 23;9(4):23259671211001131. doi: 10.1177/23259671211001131. eCollection 2021 Apr.
BACKGROUND
The effects of foot injuries on collegiate athletes in the United States are of interest because of the short 5-year eligibility period in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).
PURPOSE
To discuss the epidemiology of severe NCAA foot injuries sustained over 10 years in 25 sports.
STUDY DESIGN
Descriptive epidemiology study.
METHODS
We utilized the NCAA Injury Surveillance System, which prospectively collects deidentified injury data for collegiate athletes. Severe injuries were classified as season- or career-ending injuries, injuries with >30-day time loss, or injuries requiring operative treatment. Injury rates (IRs) were analyzed per 100,000 athlete-exposures.
RESULTS
Of 3607 total foot injuries, 18.71% (n = 675) were classified as severe, with an IR of 5.73 per 100,000 athletic-exposures. For all severe injuries, the operative rate was 24.3%, the season-ending rate 37.0%, and the career-ending rate 4.4%. The proportion of recurrent injuries was 13.9%. Men's sports with the highest severe foot IRs were basketball (IR = 10.71), indoor track (IR = 7.16), and football (IR = 7.08). Women's sports with the highest severe foot IRs were cross-country (IR = 17.15), gymnastics (IR = 14.76), and outdoor track (IR = 14.65). Among all severe foot injuries, the most common was a fifth metatarsal fracture. The highest contact/noncontact injury ratios were phalangeal fracture, turf toe, and Lisfranc injury. The severe injuries with the highest operative rates were Lisfranc injuries, fifth metatarsal fractures, and midfoot fractures. The severe injuries associated with the highest season-ending IRs were Lisfranc injury, midfoot fracture, and general metatarsal fractures. Severe flexor/extensor injuries had the highest career-ending IRs, followed by turf toe. Severe injuries with the highest median time loss were sesamoidal fractures, calcaneal fractures, and plantar fascial injuries.
CONCLUSION
Of all collegiate foot injuries sustained over a 10-year period, 18.7% were characterized as severe, and 24.3% of severe injuries required surgery. Basketball was the men's sport with the highest severe IR, and cross-country was the women's sport with the highest severe IR. Overall, female athletes experienced slightly higher severe foot IRs as compared with male athletes.
背景
由于美国全国大学体育协会（NCAA）规定的运动员参赛资格期限仅为5年，因此足部损伤对美国大学生运动员的影响备受关注。
目的
探讨25项运动项目中10年间发生的NCAA严重足部损伤的流行病学情况。
研究设计
描述性流行病学研究。
方法
我们使用了NCAA损伤监测系统，该系统前瞻性地收集大学生运动员的匿名损伤数据。严重损伤被分类为赛季结束或职业生涯结束的损伤、误工超过30天的损伤或需要手术治疗的损伤。每100,000次运动员暴露分析损伤率（IR）。
结果
在3607例足部损伤中，18.71%（n = 675）被分类为严重损伤，每100,000次运动员暴露的损伤率为5.73。在所有严重损伤中，手术率为24.3%，赛季结束率为37.0%，职业生涯结束率为4.4%。复发性损伤的比例为13.9%。严重足部损伤率最高的男子运动项目是篮球（损伤率 = 10.71）、室内田径（损伤率 = 7.16）和足球（损伤率 = 7.08）。严重足部损伤率最高的女子运动项目是越野（损伤率 = 17.15）、体操（损伤率 = 14.76）和室外田径（损伤率 = 14.65）。在所有严重足部损伤中，最常见的是第五跖骨骨折。接触性/非接触性损伤比例最高的是趾骨骨折、跖趾关节损伤和跖跗关节损伤。手术率最高的严重损伤是跖跗关节损伤、第五跖骨骨折和中足骨折。赛季结束损伤率最高的严重损伤是跖跗关节损伤、中足骨折和一般跖骨骨折。严重的屈肌/伸肌损伤的职业生涯结束损伤率最高，其次是跖趾关节损伤。误工时间中位数最长的严重损伤是籽骨骨折、跟骨骨折和足底筋膜损伤。
结论
在10年期间发生的所有大学生足部损伤中，18.7%被归类为严重损伤，24.3%的严重损伤需要手术治疗。篮球是男子运动项目中严重损伤率最高的项目，越野是女子运动项目中严重损伤率最高的项目。总体而言，与男性运动员相比，女性运动员的严重足部损伤率略高。
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