Nakamura Saori, Kuda Takashi, Midorikawa Yuko, Takahashi Hajime, Kimura Bon
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan.
Curr Res Food Sci. 2021 Apr 24;4:295-300. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.04.001. eCollection 2021.
For patients with inflammatory bowel disease, cow's milk allergy, and lactose intolerance, soymilk is a potential alternative to cow's milk. In this study, we aimed to identify the effects of a soy protein-based low-protein diet on the body and organ weights and the gut microbiome of six-week-old mice fed a diet containing 20% (SP) or 5% (LP) soy protein for 14 days via 16S rRNA (V4) amplicon sequencing. Body weight gain (growth) and liver, spleen, and fat tissue weight were significantly suppressed by the LP diet. Operational taxonomic unit numbers and -diversity were lower in the LP group than in the SP group. A principal coordinate analysis revealed differences in the gut microbiome compositions of SP and LP mice. The abundances of caecal sp., sp., and bacteria from the family were lower in the LP group than in the SP group. In contrast, the abundance of which is positively correlated with inflammation, was higher in the LP group than in the SP group. These results differed from the effects of a milk casein-based low-protein diet (reported previously). Based on these findings, we conclude that the undesirable effects of a low-protein diet and/or protein deficiency are related to changes in the gut microbiome composition and may differ depending on the kind of proteins used.
对于患有炎症性肠病、牛奶过敏和乳糖不耐受的患者，豆浆是牛奶的一种潜在替代品。在本研究中，我们旨在通过16S rRNA（V4）扩增子测序，确定基于大豆蛋白的低蛋白饮食对六周龄小鼠体重、器官重量以及肠道微生物群的影响，这些小鼠分别喂食含20%（SP）或5%（LP）大豆蛋白的饮食14天。LP饮食显著抑制了体重增加（生长）以及肝脏、脾脏和脂肪组织的重量。LP组的操作分类单元数量和多样性低于SP组。主坐标分析揭示了SP和LP小鼠肠道微生物群组成的差异。LP组盲肠中的某些菌属以及某科细菌的丰度低于SP组。相反，与炎症呈正相关的某菌属在LP组中的丰度高于SP组。这些结果与基于牛奶酪蛋白的低蛋白饮食的影响（先前报道）不同。基于这些发现，我们得出结论，低蛋白饮食和/或蛋白质缺乏的不良影响与肠道微生物群组成的变化有关，并且可能因所用蛋白质的种类而异。
