Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 May 17;16(5):e0251700. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251700. eCollection 2021.
To test if sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) and sugar sweetened solids (SSSs) have differential effects on body weight and reward processing in the brain.
In a single blind randomized controlled pilot trial (RCT), twenty participants with BMI between 20 and 40 kg/m2 were randomized to consume a 20 fluid ounce soda (SSB, 248 kcal) or the equivalent in solid form (SSS; similar to thick gelatin or gummy candy) daily. At baseline and day 28, fasting body weight and fed-state BOLD fMRI of the brain were assessed. Differences in fMRI signals between views of low-fat (LF (<30%)) high sugar (HS (>30%)) food, and non-food images were calculated in brain regions implicated in energy homeostasis, taste, and reward.
All participants in the SSB (6F 4M; 8 Caucasian; 36±14 y, 28.2±5.5 kg/m2; Mean±SD) and SSS (3F 7M; 6 Caucasian; 39±12; 26.3±4.4) groups completed the study. Weight change was 0.27±0.78 kg between SSB and SSS participants. Changes in the fMRI response to LF/HS foods in reward, homeostatic and taste regions tended to not be different between the groups over the four weeks. However, activation of the right substantia nigra increased following the SSB but decreased activation following the SSS in response to LF/HS foods over 28 days (-0.32±0.12). Ratings of wanting for LF/HS foods were correlated with activation in several brain regions, including the OFC.
Change in weight was modest between the groups in this study. Daily consumption of a SSB over 28 days led to mixed responses to LF/HS foods in areas of the brain associated with reward. Ratings of wanting are correlated with fMRI activation inside an MRI scanner.
检验含糖饮料（SSB）和含糖固体（SSS）对体重和大脑奖励处理是否有不同影响。
在一项单盲随机对照试验（RCT）中，将 20 名 BMI 在 20 至 40kg/m2 之间的参与者随机分为两组，每天分别饮用 20 液盎司苏打水（SSB，248kcal）或等量的固体形式（SSS；类似于浓稠的明胶或软糖）。在基线和第 28 天，评估空腹体重和大脑的进食状态 fMRI。在与能量平衡、味觉和奖励相关的大脑区域中，计算出低脂肪（LF（<30%）高糖（HS（>30%））食物和非食物图像的 fMRI 信号之间的差异。
SSB 组（6 名女性，4 名男性；8 名白种人；36±14 岁，28.2±5.5kg/m2；均值±标准差）和 SSS 组（3 名女性，7 名男性；6 名白种人；39±12 岁，26.3±4.4kg/m2）的所有参与者均完成了研究。SSB 和 SSS 参与者之间的体重变化为 0.27±0.78kg。在四周内，奖励、体内平衡和味觉区域中对 LF/HS 食物的 fMRI 反应变化两组之间似乎没有差异。然而，在 28 天内，与 SSB 相比，SSS 后右侧黑质的激活增加，而对 LF/HS 食物的激活减少（-0.32±0.12）。对 LF/HS 食物的渴望评分与大脑几个区域的激活相关，包括眶额皮层。
在这项研究中，两组之间的体重变化不大。在 28 天内每天饮用 SSB 会导致与奖励相关的大脑区域对 LF/HS 食物的反应混杂。渴望评分与 MRI 扫描仪内的 fMRI 激活相关。
