Håkansson Carita, Lexén Annika
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 May 18;21(1):471. doi: 10.1186/s12913-021-06465-6.
The numbers of people who are on sick leave due to mental health problems, such as exhaustion disorder, are increasing in Sweden. One of the most affected groups is healthcare professionals. In order to develop preventive strategies to promote a sustainable working life for occupational therapists, there is a need to understand the associations between psychosocial working conditions, occupational balance and no or negligible stress symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, neither the combination of these factors nor the salutogenic perspective, have been taken into consideration when exploring factors associated with stress symptoms among occupational therapists in previous research.
Purposeful sampling was used. All currently working members of the Swedish Association of Occupational Therapists were invited to take part in the present study in 2018. The final sample was 3658 (48% response rate). A web-survey with questions about signs of exhaustion, psychosocial working conditions, occupational balance and sociodemographic characteristics was used. Logistic regression analyses were used in order to calculate associations between psychosocial working conditions, occupational balance, sociodemographic characteristics and no or negligible signs of exhaustion.
Experiencing high occupational balance, low workload, high control, high sense of community and high justice, were associated with no or negligible stress symptoms. Furthermore, a satisfying financial situation, having children living at home, being married and long professional experience were significant in this model.
It seems important to consider not only psychosocial working conditions, but also occupational balance to prevent exhaustion disorder among occupational therapists in Sweden. Organisational programmes, which reduce the workload, strengthen the control and sense of community and facilitate occupational balance, seem to be important areas for health promotion in this group.
在瑞典，因心理健康问题（如倦怠症）而休病假的人数正在增加。受影响最严重的群体之一是医疗保健专业人员。为了制定预防策略以促进职业治疗师的可持续工作生活，有必要了解心理社会工作条件、职业平衡与无压力症状或可忽略不计的压力症状之间的关联。据我们所知，在以往研究中探讨职业治疗师压力症状相关因素时，既未考虑这些因素的组合，也未考虑健康促进视角。
采用目的抽样法。2018年，瑞典职业治疗师协会所有在职成员均受邀参与本研究。最终样本为3658人（回复率48%）。使用了一项网络调查，其中包含有关倦怠迹象、心理社会工作条件、职业平衡和社会人口学特征的问题。采用逻辑回归分析来计算心理社会工作条件、职业平衡、社会人口学特征与无压力症状或可忽略不计的压力症状之间的关联。
体验到高职业平衡、低工作量、高控制感、高社区感和高公平感，与无压力症状或可忽略不计的压力症状相关。此外，在该模型中，令人满意的财务状况、有孩子在家、已婚和较长的专业经验也具有显著意义。
在瑞典，预防职业治疗师的倦怠症，似乎不仅要考虑心理社会工作条件，还要考虑职业平衡。减少工作量、增强控制感和社区感以及促进职业平衡的组织计划，似乎是该群体健康促进的重要领域。
