Kaburi Basil Benduri, Bio Fred Yaw, Kubio Chrysantus, Ameme Donne Kofi, Kenu Ernest, Sackey Samuel Oko, Afari Edwin Andrew
Ghana Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Bramuo Medical Centre, Abrankese, Ashanti, Ghana.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 Aug 23;33:320. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.320.16147. eCollection 2019.
Occupational stress is a recognized health problem among nurses. Globally, its prevalence varies between 9.2% and 68.0%. It detracts from nurses' quality of life and efficiency of job performance. In Ghana, we do not know the important contributory factors to this problem. Our study sought to identify the important predictors of occupational stress among nurses.
In January 2016, we conducted an institutional-based survey among nurses of Salaga Government Hospital. They completed a five-point Likert type questionnaire adopted from the British Psychological Working Conditions Survey, and the Nurse Stress Index. Across 30 predictor variables, a mean score of 4.00 to 5.00 represented high to extreme occupational stress. We performed bivariate and multivariate analyses to identify important predictors of occupational stress at 95% confidence level.
Of 167 nurses, 58.1% (97) were females. Respondents who experienced high to extreme stress levels had a 2.3 times odds of reporting sickness absence (CI: 1.03-5.14). Sources of occupational stress included: manual lifting of patients and pieces of equipment (OR: 16.23; CI: 6.28 - 41.92), the risks of acquiring infections (OR: 14.67; CI 5.90 - 36.46), receiving feedback only upon unsatisfactory performance (OR: 28.00; CI: 9.72 - 80.64), and inadequate opportunities for continuous professional development (OR: 63.50; CI: 19.99 - 201.75).
The working conditions of nurses were stressful. The most significant predictors of occupational stress were poor supportive supervision by superiors, lack of adequate skills to perform routine tasks, uncertainty about their job role, and the lack of adequate opportunities for career advancements.
职业压力是护士群体中一个公认的健康问题。在全球范围内，其患病率在9.2%至68.0%之间。它会降低护士的生活质量和工作绩效效率。在加纳，我们并不清楚导致这一问题的重要因素。我们的研究旨在确定护士职业压力的重要预测因素。
2016年1月，我们对萨拉加政府医院的护士进行了一项基于机构的调查。他们完成了一份从英国心理工作条件调查和护士压力指数中采用的五点李克特式问卷。在30个预测变量中，平均得分4.00至5.00表示高至极端职业压力。我们进行了双变量和多变量分析，以确定95%置信水平下职业压力的重要预测因素。
在167名护士中，58.1%（97名）为女性。经历高至极端压力水平的受访者报告因病缺勤的几率是其他人的2.3倍（置信区间：1.03 - 5.14）。职业压力源包括：手动搬运患者和设备（比值比：16.23；置信区间：6.28 - 41.92）、感染风险（比值比：14.67；置信区间5.90 - 36.46）、仅在表现不令人满意时才收到反馈（比值比：28.00；置信区间：9.72 - 80.64）以及持续专业发展机会不足（比值比：63.50；置信区间：19.99 - 201.75）。
护士的工作条件压力较大。职业压力最显著的预测因素是上级支持性监督不足、缺乏执行日常任务的足够技能、工作角色的不确定性以及职业晋升机会不足。
