Department of Pathophysiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, China.
Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, China.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Apr 28;2021:6686617. doi: 10.1155/2021/6686617. eCollection 2021.
Pyroptosis is a pattern of programmed cell death that significantly differs from apoptosis and autophagy in terms of cell morphology and function. The process of pyroptosis is characterized predominantly by the formation of gasdermin protein family-mediated membrane perforation, cell collapse, and the release of inflammatory factors, including IL-1 and IL-18. In recent years, with the rise of pyroptosis research, scholars have devoted time to study the mechanism of pyroptosis in kidney-related diseases. Pyroptosis is probably involved in kidney diseases through two pathways: the caspase-1-mediated canonical pathway and the caspase-4/5/11-mediated noncanonical pathway. In addition, some scholars have identified targets for the treatment of kidney-related diseases from the viewpoint of pyroptosis and developed corresponding medicines, which may become a recommendation for prognosis, targeted treatment, and clinical diagnosis of kidney diseases. This paper focuses on the up-to-date advances in the field of pyroptosis, especially on the key pathogenic role of pyroptosis in the development and progression of kidney diseases. It presents a more in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of kidney diseases and introduces novel therapeutic targets for the prevention and clinical treatment of kidney diseases.
细胞焦亡是一种程序性细胞死亡方式，其在细胞形态和功能上与细胞凋亡和自噬显著不同。细胞焦亡的过程主要表现为gasdermin 蛋白家族介导的细胞膜穿孔、细胞崩溃以及包括 IL-1 和 IL-18 在内的炎症因子的释放。近年来，随着细胞焦亡研究的兴起，学者们投入时间研究了与肾脏相关疾病中细胞焦亡的发生机制。细胞焦亡可能通过两条途径参与肾脏疾病：半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-1（caspase-1）介导的经典途径和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-4/5/11（caspase-4/5/11）介导的非经典途径。此外，一些学者从细胞焦亡的角度出发，确定了肾脏相关疾病的治疗靶点，并开发了相应的药物，这可能为肾脏疾病的预后、靶向治疗和临床诊断提供了建议。本文重点介绍了细胞焦亡领域的最新进展，特别是细胞焦亡在肾脏疾病发生和进展中的关键致病作用。这为肾脏疾病的发病机制提供了更深入的了解，并为肾脏疾病的预防和临床治疗引入了新的治疗靶点。
