Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2290:115-127. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1323-8_8.
Glycerol is a promising low-cost solvent for biomass pretreatment since a large amount of glycerol is generated as a by-product in the biodiesel industry. Pretreatment is a method of disintegration of the recalcitrant structure of biomass to enhance the accessibility of cellulose and hemicelluloses to enzymes for complete saccharification. During pretreatment, glycerol breaks the lignin carbohydrate complex and selectively solubilizes lignin. Thus, the glycerol pretreatment improves the accessibility of cellulose to cellulases leading to higher sugar yields. The glycerol pretreatment is carried out at high temperature (>190 °C) to disintegrate the structure of biomass. The glycerol pretreatment in the presence of acid or base catalyst such as HSO or NaOH results in lower pretreatment temperature and higher glucan hydrolysis. This chapter describes the methodology to carry out glycerol pretreatment of sorghum biomass with or without acid/alkali as catalyst and the basic calculations to determine the efficiency of the pretreatment.
甘油是一种很有前途的低成本生物质预处理溶剂，因为在生物柴油工业中会产生大量的甘油作为副产品。预处理是一种破坏生物质的顽固结构的方法，以提高纤维素和半纤维素对酶的完全糖化的可及性。在预处理过程中，甘油会破坏木质素-碳水化合物复合物，并选择性地溶解木质素。因此，甘油预处理提高了纤维素对纤维素酶的可及性，从而提高了糖的产量。甘油预处理在高温（>190°C）下进行，以分解生物质的结构。在酸或碱催化剂（如 HSO 或 NaOH）存在下进行甘油预处理会降低预处理温度并提高葡聚糖水解率。本章介绍了在有或没有酸/碱催化剂的情况下用甘油对高粱生物质进行预处理的方法，以及用于确定预处理效率的基本计算方法。
