Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Department of Animal Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Zoo Biol. 2021 Sep;40(5):417-428. doi: 10.1002/zoo.21618. Epub 2021 May 19.
The proximate composition of milk from fifteen free-ranging white rhinoceroses at different lactation stages is reported with detailed analysis of fatty acid composition and minerals. Lactose is the main component at 7.93 ± 0.53%, followed by 0.93 ± 0.19% protein, 1.76 ± 0.39% fat, 0.40 ± 0.18% ash, 0.05 ± 0.01% glucose, and 0.04 ± 0.02% non protein nitrogen The interindividual variation of all the components is high, showing no trend of change over lactation. The K and P content decreased over lactation. The fatty acid composition of rhinoceros milk is characteristic with a high saturated fatty acids content of 62%-84%, of which the medium chain fatty acids form the major portion. The C10:0, C12:0, C16:0, and C18:1c9 are the major fatty acids in the milk fat. The results are compared with the two other Perissodactylae families, the Equidae and Tapiridae. Differences in gross composition are small, but the milk of the Rhinocerotidae have the lowest gross energy, while the milk fats consist of the highest amounts of saturated fatty acids, while the low levels of C16:1c9 and C18:1c9 indicate the lowest mammary Δ9-desaturase activity.
报道了 15 头处于不同泌乳阶段的自由放养白犀牛乳的近似成分，并对脂肪酸组成和矿物质进行了详细分析。乳糖是主要成分，含量为 7.93±0.53%，其次是 0.93±0.19%的蛋白质、1.76±0.39%的脂肪、0.40±0.18%的灰分、0.05±0.01%的葡萄糖和 0.04±0.02%的非蛋白氮。所有成分的个体间变异都很高，在泌乳过程中没有变化趋势。K 和 P 的含量随泌乳而下降。犀牛乳的脂肪酸组成具有特征性，饱和脂肪酸含量高达 62%-84%，其中中链脂肪酸占主要部分。乳脂中的主要脂肪酸为 C10:0、C12:0、C16:0 和 C18:1c9。结果与另外两个奇蹄目动物科——马科和貘科进行了比较。总成分的差异较小，但犀牛科的总能量最低，而乳脂中的饱和脂肪酸含量最高，C16:1c9 和 C18:1c9 含量较低表明乳腺 Δ9-去饱和酶活性最低。
