Resistance Risk Assessment of the Ryanoid Anthranilic Diamide Insecticide Cyantraniliprole in Glover.

Cyantraniliprole targets the ryanodine receptor and shows cross-spectrum activity against a broad range of chewing and sucking pests. In this study, a cyantraniliprole-resistant cotton aphid strain (CyR) developed resistance 17.30-fold higher than that of a susceptible (SS) strain. Bioassay results indicated that CyR developed increased cross-resistance to cyfluthrin, α-cypermethrin, imidacloprid, and acephate. In CyR, piperonyl butoxide synergistically increased the toxicity of cyantraniliprole, α-cypermethrin, and cyfluthrin. The cytochrome P450 activities in the CyR strain were significantly higher than those in the SS strain. The mRNA expression of , , , , , and in the CYP3 clade, and , , , , and in the CYP4 clade, was significantly higher in CyR than in SS. The depletion of the most abundant transcript by RNAi also significantly increased the sensitivity of CyR to cyantraniliprole. Transgenic expression of , , , and in suggested that the expression of and was sufficient to confer cyantraniliprole resistance, with being the most effective, and that , , and were related to α-cypermethrin cross-resistance. These results indicate the involvement of P450 genes in cyantraniliprole resistance and pyrethroid cross-resistance and provide an overall view of the metabolic factors involved in resistance development.