Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2021 Sep;121(9):2449-2458. doi: 10.1007/s00421-021-04714-4. Epub 2021 May 20.
Sprint interval training (SIT), characterized by brief bouts of 'supramaximal' exercise interspersed with recovery periods, increases peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) despite a low total exercise volume. Per the Fick principle, increased [Formula: see text] is attributable to increased peak cardiac output ([Formula: see text]) and/or peak arterio-venous oxygen difference (a-vO). There are limited and equivocal data regarding the physiological basis for SIT-induced increases in [Formula: see text], with most studies lasting ≤ 6 weeks.
To determine the effect of 12 weeks of SIT on [Formula: see text], measured using inert gas rebreathing, and the relationship between changes in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
15 healthy untrained adults [6 males, 9 females; 21 ± 2 y (mean ± SD)] performed 28 ± 3 training sessions. Each session involved a 2-min warm-up at 50 W, 3 × 20-s 'all-out' cycling bouts (581 ± 221 W) interspersed with 2-min of recovery, and a 3-min cool-down at 50 W.
Measurements performed before and after training showed that 12 weeks of SIT increased [Formula: see text] (17.0 ± 3.7 vs 18.1 ± 4.6 L/min, p = 0.01, partial η = 0.28) and [Formula: see text] (2.63 ± 0.78 vs 3.18 ± 1.1 L/min, p < 0.01, partial η = 0.58). The changes in these two variables were correlated (r = 0.46, p < 0.01). Calculated peak a-vO also increased after training (154 ± 22 vs 174 ± 23 ml O/L; p < 0.01) and was correlated with the change in [Formula: see text] (r = 0.33, p = 0.03). Exploratory analyses revealed an interaction (p < 0.01) such that [Formula: see text] increased in male (+ 10%, p < 0.01) but not female participants (+ 0.6%, p = 0.96), suggesting potential sex-specific differences.
Twelve weeks of SIT increased [Formula: see text] by 6% in previously untrained participants and the change was correlated with the larger 21% increase in [Formula: see text].
冲刺间歇训练（SIT）的特点是短暂的“超最大”运动爆发，其间穿插恢复期，尽管总运动量较低，但仍能增加峰值摄氧量（[Formula: see text]）。根据菲克原理，[Formula: see text] 的增加归因于峰值心输出量（[Formula: see text]）和/或峰值动静脉氧差（a-vO）的增加。关于 SIT 引起的[Formula: see text] 增加的生理基础的数据有限且存在争议，大多数研究持续时间不超过 6 周。
使用惰性气体再呼吸法确定 12 周 SIT 对[Formula: see text]的影响，以及[Formula: see text]变化与[Formula: see text]之间的关系。
15 名健康的未经训练的成年人[6 名男性，9 名女性；21±2 岁（均值±标准差）]进行了 28±3 次训练。每次训练包括 2 分钟的热身，强度为 50 W，3 次 20 秒的“全力以赴”自行车冲刺（581±221 W），中间穿插 2 分钟恢复期，然后进行 3 分钟的冷却，强度为 50 W。
训练前后的测量结果表明，12 周的 SIT 增加了[Formula: see text]（17.0±3.7 对 18.1±4.6 L/min，p=0.01，部分 η=0.28）和[Formula: see text]（2.63±0.78 对 3.18±1.1 L/min，p<0.01，部分 η=0.58）。这两个变量的变化呈正相关（r=0.46，p<0.01）。训练后计算得出的峰值 a-vO 也增加（154±22 对 174±23 ml O/L；p<0.01），并与[Formula: see text]的变化呈正相关（r=0.33，p=0.03）。探索性分析显示存在交互作用（p<0.01），即男性参与者的[Formula: see text]增加了 10%（p<0.01），但女性参与者的[Formula: see text]增加了 0.6%（p=0.96），这表明存在潜在的性别特异性差异。
12 周的 SIT 使之前未经训练的参与者的[Formula: see text]增加了 6%，并且这种变化与[Formula: see text]增加了 21%相关。
