Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1311:137-147. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-65768-0_10.
The beginning of the twenty-first century offered new advances in cancer research, including new knowledge about the tumor microenvironment (TME). Because TMEs provide the niches in which cancer cells, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and immune cells reside, they play a crucial role in cancer cell development, differentiation, survival, and proliferation. Throughout cancer progression, the TME constantly evolves, causing cancer cells to adapt to the new conditions. The heterogeneity of cancer, evidenced by diverse proliferation rates, cellular structures, metabolisms, and gene expressions, presents challenges for cancer treatment despite the advances in research. This chapter discusses how different TMEs lead to specific metabolic adaptations that drive cancer progression.
二十一世纪初，癌症研究取得了新的进展，包括对肿瘤微环境（TME）的新认识。由于 TME 为癌细胞、成纤维细胞、淋巴细胞和免疫细胞提供了栖息的场所，因此在癌细胞的发展、分化、存活和增殖中起着至关重要的作用。在癌症进展的过程中，TME 不断演变，导致癌细胞适应新的环境。尽管癌症研究取得了进展，但癌症的异质性表现为不同的增殖率、细胞结构、代谢和基因表达，这给癌症治疗带来了挑战。本章讨论了不同的 TME 如何导致特定的代谢适应，从而推动癌症的进展。
