Patel Suprava, Verma Neha R, Padhi Phalguni, Naik Tripty, Nanda Rachita, Naik Gitismita, Mohapatra Eli
Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Senior Resident, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Jan;10(1):496-501. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1493_20. Epub 2021 Jan 30.
LBW is the strong determinant of neonatal morbidity and mortality with a global prevalence of nearly 15%. India's prevalence, though not yet established, ranges from 16-30% and influenced by maternal nutritional status, antenatal care and associated maternal morbidity. Hence, the study was aimed to determine the influencing parameters for occurrence of LBW.
A retrospective observational study conducted for all live newborns delivered in a tertiary care centre during the study period of twenty four months.
Data from institutional medical record section was recorded on predesigned questionnaire from a total of 1216 newborns.
The percentage of LBW was found to be 27.55% (335/1216) with a proportion of LBW to NBW babies was approximately 1:3. The occurrence of LBW was significantly higher in babies of anemic mothers (59.39%, < 0.0001), young mothers (30.39%, < 0.01), mothers with parity ≥ 3 (35.71%, < 0.05), those with <3 ANC check-up (56.88%, < 0.0001) and those with premature delivery (71.57%, < 0.0001). Maternal anemia (OR 4.7, 95%CI 3.4-6.7, < 0.001); ANC with <3 visits (OR 2.2, 95%CI 1.4-3.4, < 0.01) and prematurity (OR 7.6, 95%CI 5.1-11.2, < 0.0001) were considered as independent risk factor for LBW. Significant association of neonatal complications was found with LBW babies (OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.1-2.5, < 0.05).
Inadequate antenatal care, maternal anemia and other maternal illness causing premature delivery are considered critical determinants for LBW and thus associated with high neonatal mortality and morbidity. Continued focus for improving the overall maternal health status would lead to lowering burden of LBW.
低体重是新生儿发病和死亡的重要决定因素，全球患病率近15%。印度的患病率虽尚未确定，但在16%-30%之间，受孕产妇营养状况、产前护理及相关孕产妇疾病影响。因此，本研究旨在确定低体重发生的影响因素。
对在一家三级医疗中心24个月研究期间分娩的所有活产新生儿进行回顾性观察研究。
从机构病历科获取的数据记录在预先设计的问卷上，共涉及1216名新生儿。
低体重的比例为27.55%（335/1216），低体重儿与正常体重儿的比例约为1:3。贫血母亲的婴儿（59.39%，<0.0001）、年轻母亲的婴儿（30.39%，<0.01）、经产次数≥3的母亲的婴儿（35.71%，<0.05）、产前检查<3次的母亲的婴儿（56.88%，<0.0001）以及早产婴儿（71.57%，<�0.0001）中低体重的发生率显著更高。孕产妇贫血（比值比4.7，95%置信区间3.4-6.7，<0.001）；产前检查<3次（比值比2.2，95%置信区间1.4-3.4，<0.01）和早产（比值比7.6，95%置信区间5.1-11.2，<0.0001）被视为低体重的独立危险因素。发现低体重儿与新生儿并发症有显著关联（比值比1.6，95%置信区间�1.1-2.5，<0.05）。
产前护理不足、孕产妇贫血和其他导致早产的孕产妇疾病被认为是低体重的关键决定因素，因此与高新生儿死亡率和发病率相关。持续关注改善整体孕产妇健康状况将降低低体重的负担。
