Andanigoudar Kashavva B, Kurgodiyavar Mahesh, Roopakala N, Bant Dattatraya D
Department of Community Medicine, JGMM Medical College, Hubli, Karnataka, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Karnataka Medical College and Research Institute, Hubli, Karnataka, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2025 Jun;14(6):2426-2430. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1938_24. Epub 2025 Jun 30.
The majority of all low birth weight (LBW) babies are born in developing countries, and half of the population in developing nations use solid fuels as their primary source of energy for cooking. An association between household use of solid biomass fuels and reduced newborn weight has been found in several countries. India has a high prevalence of LBW babies, and 88% of the population use solid fuels for cooking.
To evaluate the determinants of low birth weight and to assess the effect of exposure of pregnant women to indoor air pollution on the birth weight of newborns.
A case-control study was conducted on singleton newborn babies of KIMS hospital, Hubballi. A structured pretested validated questionnaire was administered to 146 participants including 73 cases (new born babies with birth weight <2.5 kg) and 73 controls (new born babies with birth weight ≥2.5k g). The questionnaire comprised of sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history, medical illnesses, and the current pregnancy with its outcomes and indoor air pollution.
The study found a significant association between low birth weight and a history of low birth weight, no intake of albendazole tablets, hemoglobin levels during pregnancy, exposure to smoke from mosquito repellent coils during pregnancy, burning of volatile liquids at home, and duration of exposure to indoor air pollutants during pregnancy.
Indoor air pollution significantly affects the baby's birth weight. Appropriate antenatal care and health education to overcome indoor air pollution can significantly improve the birth weight of the baby.
大多数低出生体重婴儿出生在发展中国家，发展中国家有一半人口将固体燃料作为烹饪的主要能源。在几个国家已发现家庭使用固体生物质燃料与新生儿体重降低之间存在关联。印度低出生体重婴儿的患病率很高，88%的人口使用固体燃料做饭。
评估低出生体重的决定因素，并评估孕妇暴露于室内空气污染对新生儿出生体重的影响。
对胡布利市基姆斯医院的单胎新生儿进行了一项病例对照研究。对146名参与者进行了一份经过预测试验证的结构化问卷，其中包括73例（出生体重<2.5千克的新生儿）和73名对照（出生体重≥2.5千克的新生儿）。问卷包括社会人口学特征、产科病史、疾病、当前妊娠及其结局以及室内空气污染情况。
研究发现低出生体重与低出生体重史、未服用阿苯达唑片、孕期血红蛋白水平、孕期接触蚊香烟雾、在家中燃烧挥发性液体以及孕期接触室内空气污染物的时长之间存在显著关联。
室内空气污染会显著影响婴儿的出生体重。通过适当的产前护理和健康教育来克服室内空气污染，可显著提高婴儿的出生体重。
