Lei Lei, Desai Sonalde
Department of Sociology,Rutgers University, Davison Hall, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
Department of Sociology, Maryland Population Research Center, University of Maryland, College Park 2112 Parren Mitchell Art-Sociology Building, 3834 Campus Dr, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2021 Jul;280:113982. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113982. Epub 2021 May 3.
In developing countries, labor out-migration has led to millions of married couples living apart from each other. Male out-migration brings economic benefits to the families in places of origin, but also leads to profound changes in the lives of the left-behind wives. It is unclear how the husband's out-migration influences the health of wives, let alone the mechanisms through which any effects are transmitted. Using data from the Indian Human Development Survey (2004-2005 and 2011-2012), we estimated lagged dependent variable models (N = 19,737) to assess the health impact of husbands' out-migration for women in India. The results showed that left-behind wives had lower self-rated health than wives of non-migrants. Part of this negative health impact was driven by the low remittances sent by the migrant husbands. For both women in nuclear families and women in extended families, the negative health impact was partially attributable to women's added responsibilities, such as animal care and managing a bank account. For women in nuclear families, the negative health effect of husbands' migration has been partially suppressed by women's increased autonomy.
在发展中国家，劳动力外流导致数以百万计的已婚夫妇两地分居。男性外出务工给原籍家庭带来了经济收益，但也给留守妻子的生活带来了深刻变化。丈夫外出务工如何影响妻子的健康尚不清楚，更不用说影响产生的机制了。利用印度人类发展调查（2004 - 2005年和2011 - 2012年）的数据，我们估计了滞后因变量模型（N = 19737），以评估丈夫外出务工对印度女性健康的影响。结果显示，留守妻子的自评健康状况低于非移民妻子。这种负面健康影响部分是由外出务工丈夫寄回的低额汇款所致。对于核心家庭中的女性和大家庭中的女性而言，负面健康影响部分归因于女性额外承担的责任，如照料牲畜和管理银行账户。对于核心家庭中的女性，丈夫外出务工对健康的负面影响已因女性自主权的增加而得到部分抑制。
