Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
J Res Health Sci. 2021 Feb 14;21(1):e00509. doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2021.43.
Hospital staffs are at high risk of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV preventive behaviors play a peculiar role in the reduction of the incidence and mortality of this infection. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the prevention behaviors of COVID-19 among health staff based on the Extended Parallel Model (EPPM) in western Iran.
It was a cross-sectional study. .
The present study was performed in the west of Iran in April 2020. In total, 1,664 cases were enrolled in this study via multi-stage sampling. The data were collected using a questionnaire, including the demographic characteristics of participants and EPPM constructs. All analyses were conducted in Stata software (version 14) at a 5% significant level.
As evidenced by the obtained results, 1,523 (91.53%), 1,226 (73.68%), 1,526 (91.71%), 893 (53.67%), and 862 (51.86%) of health staff wear gloves, use masks, avoid contact with others, maintain a good distance from other people, and wash their hands frequently with water and soap, respectively. In terms of using gloves and avoiding contacts with others, participants with high perceived threat had higher odds of observing health behaviors (OR= 3.14, 95% CI: 2.08, 4.73; P<0.001) and (OR= 3.1, 95% CI: 2.04, 4.69; P<0.001), respectively. In all categories of EPPM, the participants with high efficacy had higher odds of exhibiting health behaviors, compared to those with low efficacy (P<0.001).
The results of the present study demonstrated that health workers are expected to be at the highest level of threat and efficiency. Moreover, the findings emphasized the effectiveness of the recommended strategies in the prevention of COVID-19 disease.
医院工作人员感染新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）的风险较高，预防行为在降低感染发病率和死亡率方面发挥着特殊作用。因此，本研究旨在评估伊朗西部医护人员对 COVID-19 的预防行为，基于扩展平行模型（EPPM）。
这是一项横断面研究。
本研究于 2020 年 4 月在伊朗西部进行。通过多阶段抽样，共纳入 1664 例病例。使用问卷收集参与者的人口统计学特征和 EPPM 结构数据。所有分析均在 Stata 软件（版本 14）中进行，显著性水平为 5%。
研究结果表明，医护人员戴手套（91.53%）、戴口罩（73.68%）、避免与他人接触（91.71%）、与他人保持良好距离（53.67%）和经常用肥皂和水洗手（51.86%）的比例较高。在戴手套和避免与他人接触方面，高感知威胁的参与者观察到健康行为的可能性更高（OR=3.14，95%CI：2.08，4.73；P<0.001）和（OR=3.1，95%CI：2.04，4.69；P<0.001）。在 EPPM 的所有类别中，与低效能相比，效能高的参与者表现出健康行为的可能性更高（P<0.001）。
本研究结果表明，医护人员的威胁和效能预期最高。此外，研究结果强调了推荐策略在预防 COVID-19 疾病方面的有效性。
