Picón-Martínez Moisés, Chulvi-Medrano Iván, Cortell-Tormo Juan Manuel, Alonso-Aubin Diego A, Alakhdar Yasser, Laurentino Gilberto
Department of General and Specific Didactics, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
J Hum Kinet. 2021 Mar 31;78:101-109. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2021-0032. eCollection 2021 Mar.
The Achilles tendon is one of the strongest and thickest tendons of the human body. Several studies have reported an immediate decrease in Achilles tendon thickness after a single bout of resistance training. However, the effects of blood flow restriction training on Achilles tendon thickness have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of different regimens of resistance training on Achilles tendon thickness. Fiftytwo participants (27.3 ± 7 years; 177.6 ± 11 cm; 72.2 ± 13.7 kg) were randomly allocated into one of the three groups: low-intensity exercise without (LI, n = 13) and with blood flow restriction (LI-BFR, n = 24), and high-intensity exercise (HI, n = 15). Participants from LI and LI-BFR groups performed four sets (1 x 30 + 3 x 15 reps) at 30% 1RM, while the HI group performed four sets (1 x 30 with 30% 1RM + 3 x 10 reps with 75% 1RM). All groups performed a plantar flexion exercise. For the LI-BFR group, a blood pressure cuff was placed on the dominant calf and inflated at 30% of the individual´s occlusion pressure (47.6 ± 19.8 mmHg). Sonographic images of Achilles tendon thickness were taken at pre, immediately after, 60 min and 24 h following acute bouts of exercise. Achilles tendon thickness was significantly reduced immediately after, 60 min and 24 h post-LI-BFR exercise (pre: 4.4 ± 0.4 mm vs. IA: 3.8 ± 0.4 mm vs. 60 min: 3.7 ± 0.3 mm vs. 24 h: 4.1 ± 0.3 mm; p < 0.001), whereas Achilles tendon thickness was unchanged for HI and LI groups (p > 0.05). These results suggest that blood flow restriction training may be an effective strategy to stimulate a positive response in Achilles tendon thickness.
跟腱是人体最强壮、最厚实的肌腱之一。多项研究报告称，单次阻力训练后跟腱厚度会立即减小。然而，血流限制训练对跟腱厚度的影响尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是调查不同方案的阻力训练对跟腱厚度的急性影响。52名参与者（年龄27.3±7岁；身高177.6±11厘米；体重72.2±13.7千克）被随机分为三组之一：无血流限制的低强度运动组（LI，n = 13）、有血流限制的低强度运动组（LI-BFR，n = 24）和高强度运动组（HI，n = 15）。LI组和LI-BFR组的参与者以1RM的30%进行四组训练（1组30次重复+3组15次重复），而HI组进行四组训练（1组30次重复，强度为1RM的30%+3组10次重复，强度为1RM的75%）。所有组均进行了跖屈运动。对于LI-BFR组，将血压袖带置于优势小腿并以个体闭塞压力的30%充气（47.6±19.8 mmHg）。在急性运动前、运动后立即、运动后60分钟和24小时拍摄跟腱厚度的超声图像。LI-BFR组运动后立即、60分钟和24小时跟腱厚度显著减小（运动前：4.4±0.4毫米，运动后立即：3.8±0.4毫米，60分钟：3.7±0.3毫米，24小时：4.1±0.3毫米；p<0.001），而HI组和LI组跟腱厚度无变化（p>0.05）。这些结果表明，血流限制训练可能是刺激跟腱厚度产生积极反应的有效策略。
